青少年抑郁障碍非自杀性自伤行为成瘾特征及相关因素分析  

Analysis of Addictive Features and Correlates of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents with Depression

作　　者：丁鹏锦 李洁[1] 杨丽霞 王艺明 DING Pengjin;LI Jie;YANG Lixia;WANG Yiming(Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,China;Department of Psychiatry,the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学,贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学附属医院精神科,贵阳550004

出　　处：《神经损伤与功能重建》2024年第12期720-723,792,共5页Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction

基　　金：黔科合成果(创伤聚焦的认知行为治疗在精神科的应用,No.[2022]014);黔科合支撑(基于新冠疫情创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生及干预模式研究,No.[2020]4Y198);筑科合同(重性抑郁障碍中的基因调控,No.[2018]1-94)。

摘　　要：目的:了解青少年抑郁障碍患者非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的成瘾特征及其相关影响因素。方法:纳入我院精神科门诊就诊的青少年抑郁障碍患者152例,根据是否存在NSSI行为分为NSSI组85例和无NSSI组67例。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、青少年自我伤害问卷(ASH)、渥太华自伤问卷(OSI)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)、儿童边缘特质量表(BPFS-C)及家庭功能障碍问卷(Family APGAR)对患者进行测评及分析。结果:NSSI组HAMD、ASLEC、TAS及BPFS-C总分高于无NSSI组,Family APGAR总分低于NSSI组(P<0.05)。NSSI组55.29%的患者NSSI行为具有成瘾性,且OSI成瘾性总分与HAMD、NSSI严重程度、ASLEC、BPFS-C及Family APGAR总分具有相关性(P<0.01);抑郁程度、NSSI严重程度、不良生活事件、边缘人格特质及家庭功能障碍是NSSI行为成瘾的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:青少年抑郁障碍患者NSSI行为具有一定的成瘾性,严重抑郁、严重NSSI、边缘人格特质、家庭功能障碍及不良生活事件可能是导致NSSI行为成瘾的危险因素。伴NSSI行为青少年抑郁障碍患者更可能具有边缘型人格特质、不良生活事件、家庭功能障碍及述情障碍的特点。Objective:To understand the addictive characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behavior and its related influencing factors in adolescent patients with depressive disorders.Methods:A total of 152 adolescent patients diagnosed with depressive disorders at our hospital's psychiatric outpatient clinic were included,divided into an NSSI group(85 cases)and a non-NSSI group(67 cases)based on the presence or absence of NSSI behavior.The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),Adolescent Self-Harm Inventory(ASH),Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory(OSI),Adolescent Life Events Scale(ASLEC),Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS),Childhood Borderline Personality Features Scale(BPFS-C),and Family APGAR were administered to assess and analyze the patients.Results:The NSSI group scored higher on HAMD,ASLEC,TAS,and BPFS-C,while scoring lower on the Family APGAR compared to the non-NSSI group(P<0.05).In the NSSI group,55.29%of patients exhibited addictive NSSI behavior,and the OSI addiction score was correlated with HAMD,severity of NSSI,ASLEC,BPFS-C,and Family APGAR scores(P<0.01);depression severity,NSSI severity,adverse life events,borderline personality traits,and family dysfunction were found to be influencing factors for NSSI behavior addiction(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adolescent patients with depressive disorders exhibit certain addictive tendencies in their NSSI behavior.Severe depression,severe NSSI,borderline personality traits,family dysfunction,and adverse life events may be risk factors leading to NSSI behavior addiction.Adolescent patients with depressive disorders accompanied by NSSI behavior are more likely to have borderline personality traits,experience adverse life events,family dysfunction,and alexithymia.

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁障碍 非自杀性自伤 行为成瘾 生活事件 家庭功能 述情障碍 边缘型人格特质 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R749[医药卫生—临床医学]