氨基酸增值尿素对土壤微生物群落功能多样性与数量的影响  

Effect of Amino Acid Value-added Urea on Functional Diversity and Quantity of Soil Microbial Communities

作　　者：程林 王宗亚 黄双双 潘婷 邬洪艳 李俊 CHENG Lin;WANG Zongya;HUANG Shuangshuang;PAN Ting;WU Hongyan;LI Jun(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Wanjiang University of Technology,Ma’anshan Anhui 243011,China)

机构地区：[1]皖江工学院水利工程学院,安徽马鞍山243011

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第12期2356-2364,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：2022年度安徽省高校科研重点项目(2022AH052438)。

摘　　要：旨在研究氨基酸增值尿素对土壤微生物群落碳源代谢特征的影响,以期对增值氮肥的创制与合理施用提供依据。以黄褐土和氨基酸增值尿素为试材,开展土培试验。设置不施氮肥(CK)、普通尿素(U)和氨基酸增值尿素(AU)3个处理,除对照外,其余处理氮磷钾施用量相同。测定不同培养时间(1 d、2 d、3 d、5 d、9 d和14 d)下的96 h土壤微生物碳源利用变化特征及第5天时土壤真菌、细菌和放线菌数量。结果表明:氨基酸增值尿素影响土壤微生物群落对醇类、酸类、氨基酸类、脂类和胺类碳源的代谢偏好。与普通尿素相比,显著提高了对六类碳源(酸类、胺类、醇类、脂类、氨基酸类和糖类)的利用率;主成分分析显示,醇类和胺类是引起不同氮素处理土壤微生物群落代谢特征差异的主要碳源;与U相比,AU处理显著提高了土壤微生物群落的丰富度和均匀度;各处理土壤微生物的AWCD_(96h)(96 h平均光密度)呈现:AU>U>CK。整体变化为随着取样时间的延长,先增大,到5 d达到最大值后,U处理开始减小,到第9天时AU处理也开始出现降低的趋势,分析5 d的AWCD_(96h)值与微生物数量时发现,与U相比,AU处理下AWCD_(96h)值提高44.21%,土壤真菌数量无明显变化,放线菌与细菌数量分别增加7.91%和22.15%。因此,氨基酸增值尿素提高了微生物代谢活性和多样性,改变了微生物群落结构,有利于减少氮素损失的风险。To investigate the effect of amino acid value-added urea on the carbon source metabolism characteristics of soil microorganisms and provide a basis for the creation and rational application of value-added nitrogen fertilizers,an experiment on soil culture were conducted using yellow brown soil,with amino acid added urea as test materials.Three treatments(no nitrogen fertilizer(CK),regular urea(U),and amino acid value-added urea(AU))were set.Except for the control,the nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium application rates for all other treatments were the same.The characteristics of soil microbial carbon source utilization changes at 96 hours under different cultivation times(1st,2nd,3rd,5th,9th and 14th days)and the number of soil fungi,bacteria,and actinomycetes at 5 days were measured.The results indicated that amino acid value-added urea affected the metabolic preferences of soil microbial communities towards alcohols,acids,amino acids,lipids,and amine carbon sources.Compared with ordinary urea,it significantly improved the utilization rate of six types of carbon sources(acids,amines,alcohols,lipids,amino acids,and sugars);principal component analysis showed that alcohols and amines were the main carbon sources causing differences in the metabolic characteristics of soil microbial communities under different nitrogen treatments;compared with U,AU treatment significantly improved the richness and evenness of soil microbial communities;the AWCD_(96h)(average optical density)of soil microorganisms in each treatment showed AU>U>CK.As the sampling time prolonged,the overall change first increased,and after reaching the maximum value at 5 days,U treatment began to decrease.At 9 days,AU treatment also began to show a decreasing trend.When analyzing the AWCD_(96h)value and microbial number at 5 days,it was found that compared with U,the AWCD_(96h)value in AU treatment increased by 44.21%,and there was no significant change in the number of soil fungi.The number of actinomycetes and bacteria increased by 7.91%and 22.15%,r

关 键 词：小分子物质 氨基酸 增值尿素 BIOLOG 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]