Bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms:A review on their isolation,structural characteristics and antitumor activity  

作　　者：Juliana Garcia Francisca Rodrigues Maria Jose Saavedra Fernando M.Nunes Guilhermina Marques 

机构地区：[1]CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences,University of Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro,5001-801,Vila Real,Portugal [2]AquaValor-Centro de Valorizaçao e Transferencia de Tecnologia daAgua-Associaçao,Rua Dr.Júlio Martins n.◦1,5400-342,Chaves,Portugal [3]REQUIMTE/LAQV-Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering,Rua Dr.Antonio Bernardino de Almeida,431,4249-015,Porto,Portugal [4]CQ-VR-Centro de Química-Vila Real,Food and Wine Chemistry Lab.,Chemistry Departament,University of Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro,5001-801,Vila Real,Portugal

出　　处：《Food Bioscience》2022年第5期119-129,共11页食品生物科学（英文）

基　　金：funded by the project I&T Companies in Co-Promotion FungiTech,Norte-01-0247-FEDER-033788;R&D project Fungi4Health-Valorization of agro-industrial co-products by mushroom production and development of functional food and natural cosmetics(NORTE-01-0247-FEDER-070171);National Funds by FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology,under the project UIDB/04033/2020(CITAB-Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences).

摘　　要：Mushrooms either alone or in combination with conventional cancer treatment have been enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy improving the patients’quality of life.These therapy effects have been attributed to polysaccharides;the most potent compounds found in the fungi kingdom.Due to their wide range of biological activity and the backbone of glucose residues linked byβ-(1→3)-glycosidic bonds,often with attached side-chain glucose residues joined byβ-(1→6)linkages,the mushroom’s polysaccharides,particularly theβ-glucans,are the most versatile metabolites.Lentinan,D-fraction,and schizophyllan from Lentinula edodes,Grifola frondosa,and Schizophyllum commune,respectively are well-knownβ-glucans,however,the precise immunomodulation and anticancer mechanisms of action remain to be uncovered.According to several studies,β-glucan can interact with certain receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells,such as dectin-1 and TLRs,producing different cytokines and,in turn,indirectly activating other immune cells including T and B cells.Moreover,recent findings have proved thatβ-glucans have a direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells suppressing proliferation and enhancing apoptosis possibly via multiple pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR,NF-κB-,ERK-,ERα-,caspase-and p53-dependent pathways.Indeed,this study intends to provide information on the lentinan,D-fraction,and schizophyllan by examining the extraction procedures,chemical composition,and immunostimulatory and antitumoral biological activities.Future research directions should be directed toward improving the validity and reliability of randomized trials to confirm the potential role ofβ-glucans on the immune system and as anticancer therapy.

关 键 词：LENTINAN D-fraction SCHIZOPHYLLAN Anticancer activity 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]