高降尿酸活性乳酸菌的筛选及其作用机制  

Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria with High Uric Acid Lowering Activity and Its Mechanism of Action

作　　者：李婧 姚彩青 王俊国[1] LI Jing;YAO Caiqing;WANG Junguo(Department of Food Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering,Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院/乳品生物技术与工程教育部重点实验室/农业农村部奶制品加工重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《食品科学技术学报》2024年第6期166-174,共9页Journal of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31660456);内蒙古自然科学基金重点项目(2018ZD14)。

摘　　要：高尿酸血症发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势,通过乳酸菌降尿酸已成为防治高尿酸血症的一种新途径。为研究乳酸菌降尿酸的作用机制,以20株乳酸菌为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法筛选具有降低尿酸作用的乳酸菌并通过测定乳酸菌的作用成分探究其机制。结果表明,Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus N1-2、Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus N1-5、Lactobacillus helveticus LH3、Lactobacillus helveticus T1(1)-1、Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LP4体外降尿酸作用较强,尿酸降低率分别为41.96%、42.50%、44.18%、46.22%和37.33%。通过研究5株乳杆菌的成分及其降尿酸机理发现,活菌降尿酸效果显著高于死菌(P<0.05),但活菌破碎液与死菌破碎液之间降尿酸效果相似,且显著高于活菌菌体的作用(P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,5株乳杆菌降尿酸作用与细胞破碎液中细胞壁及胞外物等成分无关;将胞内酶灭活后进行实验发现,降尿酸作用与大部分研究普遍认为的起关键作用的胞内尿酸氧化酶的活性同样无关;最后通过原生质体吸附实验以及原生质体吸附尿酸后的扫描电镜实验验证了,5株乳杆菌对尿酸的降低作用与细胞膜存在紧密的关联性。研究以期为降尿酸乳酸菌的筛选及应用提供理论基础。The incidence rate of hyperuricemia is increasing worldwide.Uric acid reducing lactic acid bacteria(LAB)could be the new way for the prevention and auxiliary treatment of hyperuricemia.To investigate the underlying mechanism of LAB in reducing uric acid,20 strains of LAB were selected as the research objects.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to screen LAB with the ability to reduce uric acid and the mechanism was explored by determining the active composition of LAB.The results showed that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus N 1-2,Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus N 1-5,Lactobacillus helveticus LH3,Lactobacillus helveticus T1(1)-1 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LP4 exhibited strong hypouricemic activity(41.96%,42.50%,44.18%,46.22%and 37.33%,respectively)in vitro.By studying the components of 5 strains of lactobacillus and exploring their mechanism of U A-lowering,it was found that,the uric acid lowering effect of live bacteria was significantly higher than that of dead bacteria(P<0.05),but the uric acid lowering effect of live bacteria cell lysates and dead bacteria cell lysates was similar and was higher than the whole live bacteria(P<0.05).Furthermore,the uric acid lowering effect of 5 strains of lactobacillus was not related to the cell wall,extracellular secretions,and other components in cell lysate.The uric acid lowering effect was also unrelated to the activity of intracellular uricase,which was widely believed to play a key role in most studies.Through the protoplast adsorption experiment and the scanning electron microscope experiment after the protoplast adsorption of uric acid,the 5 lactobacillus strains showed a close relationship between the reduction of uric acid and the cell membrane.The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the screening and application of LAB for reducing urine.

关 键 词：乳杆菌 降尿酸 高尿酸血症 细胞膜 作用机制 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]