艺多真不压身? 副业对多重职业者职业应对效能的双刃剑作用  

More Skills Bring More Outlets?Double-edged Sword Effect of Sideline onMultiple-job Holders‘Career Coping Efficacy

作　　者：万鹏宇 郑景丽[1] 张振铎 WAN Pengyu;ZHENG Jingli;ZHANG Zhenduo(School of Economics and Management,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing,401331,China;School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,116024,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学经济与管理学院,重庆401331 [2]大连理工大学经济管理学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《商业经济与管理》2024年第11期43-51,共9页Journal of Business Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“越轨创新行为的双刃剑效应及对策研究”(22XJC630005);重庆市社会科学规划项目“零工工作者职业污名的内容结构与社会治理研究”(2023NDQN38);重庆市教委科学技术项目“系统集成主导者与技术知识场协同驱动建设工程创新的路径与对策研究”(KJQN202300532)。

摘　　要：在国家鼓励副业创新、副业创业的背景下,多重职业群体迅速壮大,但从事副业对多重职业者的影响却鲜有学者关注。文章基于压力认知评价理论,探究副业对多重职业者职业应对效能的双刃剑影响。通过266名多重职业者的调查数据发现:副业通过增加多重职业者自我价值感正向影响职业应对效能;副业同时导致多重职业者产生焦虑感进而负向影响职业应对效能;促进型调节焦点强化了自我价值感的中介作用;防御型调节焦点强化了焦虑感的中介作用。文章构建了副业增益与减损职业应对效能的双刃剑模型,揭示了艺多亦会压身,导致焦虑感和应对效能下降,丰富了多重职业者群体和副业影响结果的研究,为如何强化副业赋能、降低副业潜在危害提供了可行建议。Under the background of the national encouragement of sideline innovation and sideline entrepreneurship,the group of multiple-job holders has been growing rapidly,but little attention has been paid to the impact of sideline on multiple-job holders.Based on the stress cognitive appraisal theory,the study explores the double-edged impact of sideline on multiple-job holders'career coping efficacy.Data from 266 multiple-job holders reveals that sideline positively affects employees'career coping efficacy through increasing their sense of self-worth.Sideline also leads to anxiety,which negatively affects career coping efficacy.Promotion focus strengthens the mediating effect of sense of self-worth.Prevention focus strengthens the mediating effect of anxiety.The research constructs a dual results channel of sideline in which gain and reduce efficacy are included,and finds that too much skills also brings pressure to the body,resulting in anxiety and coping efficiency decline,which enriches the research on the impact of sideline,and provides feasible suggestions for strengthening the empowerment of sideline and weakening the potential harm of sideline.

关 键 词：多重职业者 职业应对效能 自我价值感 焦虑感 调节焦点 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]