基于语义波理论的化学教师课堂语言个案比较研究  

Comparative Study on Novice and Expert Chemistry Teachers’Classroom Language Based on Semantic Wave Theory

作　　者：曹淑婷 沈甸[1] CAO Shu-Ting;SHEN Dian(College of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教师教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第23期60-69,共10页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：教师的课堂语言会直接影响学生的知识建构和思维发展。基于语义波理论,构建适用于中学化学课堂的语义密度识别框架。以新手教师与专家教师的课堂语言为研究对象,识别语义密度并绘制语义波图像,比较2者的差异。分析语义密度发现,新手教师课堂语言语义密度高,语言较为复杂,侧重知识的抽象提取,注重化学专业术语的使用;而专家教师课堂语言语义密度较低,语言通俗易懂。分析语义波图像发现,新手教师语义波重复出现上升波段,呈现符号/概念-概念解释的教学思路,侧重知识的专业解释,缺少联系生活实际阐释和归纳概括知识的过程;而专家教师语义波重复出现下降波段,呈现符号/概念-现象-概念解释的教学思路,注重知识的具体应用。最后对新手教师提出丰富教学语言、增加生活实例、建构现象-概念密切联系的教学思路等建议。Students'knowledge construction and language development will be directly affected by teachers'classroom language.Based on the semantic wave theory,this paper developed a semantic density identification framework appropriated for the secondary school chemistry classroom.Taking the classroom language of novice teacher and expert teacher as the research object,this paper identified the semantic density level and drew semantic wave images,compared the differences to explore the growing points for novice teacher professional development.Semantic density analysis revealed that novice teacher's classroom language had a high semantic density and was more complex,emphasizing on abstract extraction of knowledge and on the use of chemical terminology,while expert teacher was skilled at utilizing low semantic density language,which made it easier to grasp.Following an analysis of the semantic waves,it was discovered that the novice teacher's semantic waves were repeated in the ascending band,presenting a symbolic/conceptual-conceptual explanatory pedagogical mindset,focusing on professional explanations of knowledge,and lacking the process of elaborating and generalising knowledge in relation to daily life.The expert teacher semantic wave replicated the descending wave,presenting a symbolic/conceptual-phenomenal-conceptual interpretation of the pedagogical mindset,focusing on the concrete application of knowledge.Finally,it was suggested that novice teachers enhanced the language of teaching,provided more real-world examples and constructed a phenomenon-conceptual close linkage of pedagogical mindset.

关 键 词：语义波理论 课堂语言 比较研究 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]