《史记》:中华传统君子教育文化的重要文献  

Historical Records:An Important Document on the Traditional Chinese Educational Culture of Virtuous Man

作　　者：王晓红[1] WANG Xiaohong(School of Humanities,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《渭南师范学院学报》2024年第12期20-29,共10页Journal of Weinan Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目:《史记》评点史研究(20XJA751005);陕西省教育科学规划专项课题:利用渭南地域文化资源开展中小学生态文明教育路径研究(SWNZ2412);渭南师范学院教育科学研究课题:农耕文化传承教育的实践研究(2022JYKX24)。

摘　　要：在构筑立德树人体系时,既需要现实创新,又需要根植于中华优秀传统文化,从我国传统教育思想尤其是君子教育思想中汲取丰厚的滋养。中华传统君子教育文化以培养君子人格与君子人才为要旨,成为深刻影响数千年的主流教育思想。《史记》既是史学名著,又是文学经典,同时也是中华传统君子教育文化的重要文献。《史记》在中华传统君子教育文化历史发展中具有突出的地位和重要意义。不仅首次确立了孔子万世师表的历史地位,肯定了孔子在传统君子教育文化的重要贡献;同时明确提出了君子教育的标准,建构以孔子“至圣”为标杆的“最高理想人格”和君子人格群像的“基本理想人格”的立体化图谱。司马迁还在《史记》中深入探索了君子人格内涵及养成之道,从立足品德养成、止于至善的个体修身之道,进而扩展到仁爱共济、立己达人的人际层面,以及爱国担当、忠勤奉献的社会层面,体现出良好的可操作性和现实性。In constructing a system of cultivating moral character and nurturing talents,it is essential to not only have practical innovations but also be rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture,drawing abundant nourishment from our country’s traditional educational thoughts,especially the concept of cultivating virtuous man.The traditional Chinese educational culture of virtuous man aims to cultivate the character and the talents,which has had a profound influence on the mainstream educational thinking for thousands of years.Historical Records is not only a historical masterpiece,but also a literary classic.Meanwhile,it is an important document on the traditional Chinese educational culture of virtuous man.It has a prominent position and great significance in the development of traditional Chinese virtuous man educational culture history.For the first time,it establishes Confucius’s historical status as Model Teacher of a Myriad Ages,and affirms his important contributions to the traditional culture of virtuous man.It clearly puts forward the standards of virtuous man education,and constructs the three-dimensional portrait of the“highest ideal personality”and a collective image of“basic ideal personality”with the benchmark of Confucius as“supreme sage”.Sima Qian further explores the connotations of the virtuous man’s character and the ways to cultivate it in his work.He starts with cultivating moral virtues and aims for supreme goodness as for the personal cultivation.Then he expands to interpersonal relationships based on benevolence and mutual assistance,as well as societal levels of patriotism,responsibility,loyalty and dedication.This demonstrates its favorable practicality and reality.

关 键 词：《史记》 君子教育 立德树人 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]