与豆类间作对马铃薯叶片碳氮代谢关键酶活性及作物产量的影响  

Effects of intercropping with legumes on the activities of key enzymes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in potato leaves and crop yield

作　　者：万猛虎 满本菊 刘威帆 刘昊 马风兰 马小英 李涛[1] 刘吉利[2] 吴娜[1] WAN Menghu;MAN Benju;LIU Weifan;LIU Hao;MA Fenglan;MA Xiaoying;LI Tao;LIU Jili;WU Na(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第12期2070-2080,共11页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03063,2021AAC03094);国家自然科学基金项目(31660376)资助。

摘　　要：马铃薯连作会产生诸多危害,研究与豆类作物间作对马铃薯叶片碳氮代谢关键酶活性及作物产量的影响,进而选择适宜的马铃薯栽培模式,对提高农业生产效益、保护生态环境以及推动农业可持续发展有重要意义。本研究于2020年5月至2021年9月在宁夏海原县开展,以马铃薯品种‘青薯9号’为材料,采取随机区组试验,设置马铃薯单作(IP)、大豆单作(IS)、蚕豆单作(IB)、马铃薯与大豆间作(PS)、马铃薯与蚕豆间作(PB)5种种植模式,测定马铃薯叶片碳代谢、氮代谢相关指标及作物产量。结果表明:与豆类作物间作能显著提高马铃薯叶片碳氮代谢相关酶活性、增加群体产量,提高土地利用率,其中以马铃薯与大豆间作(PS)表现最佳。相关性分析表明,碳氮代谢各指标均与产量呈极显著正相关,碳代谢关键酶(蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶)与氮代谢关键酶(谷氨酰胺合成酶、硝酸还原酶)之间存在极显著正相关。主成分分析表明,与豆类作物间作时,可溶性糖、蔗糖磷酸合成酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶及硝酸还原酶对马铃薯产量的提升起主导作用。马铃薯与豆类间作土地当量比均大于1,其中马铃薯与大豆间作(PS)两年平均土地当量比为1.20,表现出显著的间作优势。综上,马铃薯叶片碳氮代谢酶之间存在显著的正向影响,且对产量形成有促进作用,与豆类间作可显著提升马铃薯叶片碳氮代谢酶活性,进而提高群体产量。在宁夏南部半干旱区,为克服马铃薯连作障碍、促进农业可持续发展、提升经济效益,可推广马铃薯与豆类间作模式,以马铃薯与大豆间作最宜。As continuous cropping of potatoes produces many hazards,it is important to study the effects of intercropping with legumes on the activities of key enzymes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in potato leaves and crop yields and to select suitable potato cultivation modes to improve the efficiency of agricultural production,protect the ecological environment,and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.We measured the activities of key enzymes relative to carbon and nitrogen metabolism of potato leaf,and crops yields.The results showed that intercropping with legumes could significantly increase the activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in potato leaves,increase the yield of the population,and improve the land utilization rate;intercropping between potato and soybean(PS)performed the best.Correlation analysis showed that all enzymes activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism were positively correlated with yield and that there was a significant positive correlation between the key en-zymes of carbon metabolism(sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase)and the key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism(glutamine synthase and nitrate reductase).Principal component analysis showed that soluble sugars,sucrose phosphate synthetase,glutamine synthetase,and nitrate reductase played dominant roles in improving potato yield during intercropping with legumes.The land equivalent ratios of intercropping between potatoes and legumes were all greater than 1,and the average two-year land equival-ent ratio of intercropping between potato and soybean(PS)was 1.20,showing significant intercropping advantages.In conclusion,there is a significant positive correlation between potato leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolism enzymes,which promotes yield forma-tion,and intercropping with beans can significantly enhance potato leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,thus im-proving group yield.In the semi-arid region of southern Ningxia,to overcome the obstacles of potato succession,promote sustainab

关 键 词：马铃薯 豆类 间作 碳氮代谢酶 土地当量比 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]