横风下桥隧过渡模式对列车气动特性影响研究  

Study on the Impact of Bridge-Tunnel Transition under Crosswind on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Trains

作　　者：程昊炜 王佳豪 许澳 陈晓栋 刘堂红[1,2] Cheng Haowei;Wang Jiahao;Chen Xiaodong;Zhang Jie;Liu Tanghong(Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics Railway Industry,Central South University,Hunan,Changsha 410075,China;School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Hunan,Changsha 410075,China;Demolition Cordination Department,Jiangsu Railway Gnup Intercity Railway Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学空气动力学铁路行业重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [3]江苏省铁路集团城际铁路有限公司征拆协同部,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《铁道技术标准（中英文）》2024年第11期37-47,共11页Railway Technical Standard(Chinese & English)

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2023T011-A(JB))。

摘　　要：采用URANS数值模拟方法,基于10节编组列车模型,研究横风作用下桥隧过渡模式对列车气动特性的影响。分析不同车速下列车表面压力、气动力及流场变化,结果表明:列车在桥隧过渡过程中迎风侧和背风侧压力差异明显,随着车速增加,压力变化幅度显著提升。气动力分析显示,列车阻力、侧向力及倾覆力矩在桥隧过渡区间均有显著波动,尤其是侧向力在横风环境下表现出剧烈突变,车速越高,这种效应越明显。流场分析揭示了列车进入桥梁区间背风侧存在强烈的涡旋结构,涡流分离对车体的气动特性产生重要影响。研究结果为列车在复杂地形下的气动性能优化提供了理论参考。This paper uses the URANS numerical simulation method based on a 10-car EMU model,to investigate the impact of crosswind-induced bridge-tunnel transition on the aerodynamic characteristics of trains.Through analyzing surface pressure,aerodynamic forces,and flow field changes under varying speeds,the results show significant pressure differences between the windward and leeward sides of the train during the transition.As the train speed increases,pressure variations become more pronounced.Aerodynamic analysis reveals substantial fluctuations in drag,lateral force,and overturning moment in the bridge-tunnel transition area,especially lateral force,which exhibits sharp changes under crosswind conditions.Flow field analysis indicates strong vortex structures on the leeward side,significantly affecting the train’s aerodynamic performance.These findings provide theoretical guidance for optimizing train aerodynamics in complex terrain.

关 键 词：列车 隧道 桥梁 地形突变 气动效应 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程]