论宋儒程大昌的治国理政之策  

On the Governance Strategies of Song Dynasty Scholar Cheng Dachang

作　　者：陶新宏 Tao Xinhong

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国文化与管理》2024年第2期176-186,262,263,共13页Chinese Culture and Management

基　　金：2024年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究思政重大项目“新时代巩固文化主体性的实践路径研究”(项目编号:2024SJZDSZ014);南京邮电大学2023年习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想专项研究项目“‘两个结合’赋能高校思想政治教育高质量发展研究”(项目编号:XC2023003);江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心南邮基地专项课题“新时代文化自信自强的实现路径研究”(项目编号:NYJD2023006)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：程大昌是南宋官历三朝的经世名臣,在学术思想与为官实践诸方面成果丰硕。基于南宋孝宗时期的内外困局,程氏会通儒道以提出并阐释了系统的治国理政之策。一是提出“求贤纳谏,勤修政事”的人才政策,要求“因事择人,因人受任”“建官之制,惟其称焉”以及“择将强边,希图复兴”。二是主张“济宽者有制,纠弛者有猛”的制度建设,要求设置“命令必由三省”的制度,“可贷则贷之”的济宽原则。三是加强“存法制、除私心”的法制建设,提出“存法杜私”和“统一法令”的主张。程氏在学术思想研究与为官执政实践有机结合基础上提出的治国理政之策,不仅在当时极具务实与远见,而且对当下的社会治理亦具有借鉴与启发价值。Cheng Dachang,a prominent minister who served across three reigns during the Southern Song Dynasty,made significant contributions in both academic thought and official practice.He,facing the internal and external challenges during the reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Southern Song,synthesized Confucian and Daoist ideas to propose and elucidate systematic governance strategies.Firstly,he advocated for a talent policy of“seeking wise counsel and managing state affairs diligently”,emphasizing the principles of“appointing people according to their abilities”,“establishing official positions based on their merit”,and“selecting capable generals to protect borders with the hope of revival”.Secondly,he promoted institutional construction with the principle of“moderation where leniency prevails and strictness where laxity occurs”,recommending the establishment of a system where“orders must pass through Three Departments”and the principle of“granting leniency wherever possible”.Thirdly,he called for strengthening the legal system with the notion of“preserving the law and eliminating selfishness”,proposing“upholding the law to eliminate private interests”and“unifying legal directives”.Cheng s governance strategies,based on a combination of academic research and practical governance experience,are not only pragmatic and forward-looking at the time but also offer valuable insights for contemporary social governance.

关 键 词：程大昌 治国理政 求贤纳谏 存法杜私 

分 类 号：B244.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]