契机中兴起:政策学视域下清末师范教育的肇始  

Rising in the Opportunity:The Beginning of Normal Education in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Policy

作　　者：阎登科 吴佳伟 Yan Deng-ke;Wu Jia-wei(Huzhou University,Huzhou Zhejiang 313000,China;Huzhou Normal University,Huzhou Zhejiang 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]湖州师范学院教师教育学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《教师教育论坛》2024年第11期90-96,共7页Teacher Education Forum

摘　　要：清末时期,朝廷“首重师范”的政策呼吁以及颁布的相关政策,奠定了清末推行师范教育的制度基础,中国教育早期近代化序幕由此拉开。1902年《钦定学堂章程》作为师范教育制度化的最初尝试,与1904年《奏定学堂章程》一道构成清末师范教育的政策框架。政府为变革教育所颁布师范教育政策的历史实践,折射出了清末师范教育从“应时而兴”到“官民皆举”的历史变化。受制于专制政体,清末师范教育政策未能打破封建束缚,教育近代化成效明显减弱。以政策学的视域观照师范教育初期发展,能够实现历史背景与政策实践的有效“对话”,加深对社会发展需要与政策实践关系的理解,为形成好的教育政策提供历史经验。In the late Qing Dynasty,the policy appeal of the imperial court's'top priority of normal education'and the relevant policies promulgated laid the institutional foundation for the implementation of normal education in the late Qing Dynasty,and the prelude to the early modernization of Chinese education was opened.As the first attempt to institutionalize normal education,the 1902'Authorized School Regulations',together with the 1904'Presented School Regulations',constituted the policy framework of normal education in the late Qing Dynasty.The historical practice of the government's promulgation of the policy of normal education for the reform of education reflects the historical change of normal education in the late Qing Dynasty from“adapting to the times”to“both the government and the people.”Constrained by the autocratic government,the teacher education policy in the late Qing Dynasty failed to break the feudal shackles,and the effect of education modernization weakened significantly.Looking at the initial development of teacher education from the perspective of policy science can realize the effective"dialogue"between historical background and policy practice,deepen the understanding of the relationship between social development needs and policy practice,and provide historical experience for the formation of good education policy.

关 键 词：清末 师范教育 教育政策 政策学 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]