中国乡镇教育行政机构发展历程、运行模式及变革走向  

Development Process,Operation Mode and Reform Direction of China′s Township Educational Administration Organ

作　　者：司洪昌[1] 韩烨[2] SI Hongchang;HAN Ye(Research Management Office,National Academy of Education Administration,Beijing 102617,China;Department of Education Administration,National Academy of Education Administration,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]国家教育行政学院科研处,北京102617 [2]国家教育行政学院教育行政教研部,北京102617

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2025年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学一般课题“‘十四五’期间深度贫困县学校空间布局研究”(BGA210061)。

摘　　要：自新中国成立以来,乡镇教育行政机构经历了从隶属于乡镇政府到隶属于县教育局的转变。2002年起,乡镇教育行政机构归属于县教育局垂直管理,这一体制运行至今,各地乡镇教育行政机构名称复杂而多元,且存在多样化的模式。乡镇教育行政机构的地方属性,给乡镇教育管理预留了政策空间。当前乡镇教育行政机构重构的窗口期已开启,各地根据区域方位、县域及乡镇面积大小与人口多少、居民点分布及经济发展水平等做出适应地方实际的动态调整,成为未来十年的一个重要趋势。Since the founding of the People′s Republic of China,the township educational administration organ has undergone a transition from being a subordinate to the township government to under the jurisdiction of the county-level educational bureau.The township education administration system that affiliated to the county-level education bureau,in operation since 2002,has contributed to the complicated and diverse names of township educational administration organ with various models.However,the localized nature of township educational administration organ has given the leeway for township educational administration.At present,opportunities have come for restructuring the township educational administration organ.It has become a new trend for these organs at county and town levels to make a dynamic adaptation to the regional development,including its location,size and population,distribution of residential areas and its economic status,in the upcoming one decade.

关 键 词：乡镇教育 教育行政机构 乡镇中心校 

分 类 号：G462[文化科学—教育学]