有效失败融入非正式科学学习活动的路径探索——以“飞越困境”为例  

Exploring Pathways for Integrating Productive Failure into Informal Science Learning Activities--An Example of"Overcoming Adversity"

作　　者：马预龙 孔令鑫 MA Yu-long;KONG Ling-xin(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部

出　　处：《中国校外教育》2024年第6期91-105,共15页AFTERSCHOOL EDUCATION IN CHINA

基　　金：中国科普研究所2022年度研究生科普能力提升项目“科普游戏的教育性和游戏性融合机制与路径研究”(项目编号:KXYJS2022061)。

摘　　要：校外非正式学习情境中的社会大课堂是实现我国中小学科学教育创新和高质量发展的重要突破点,非正式科学学习活动对提高科学素养具有重要作用。“有效失败”这一创新的学习理论,不仅能提高学习者的问题解决能力,还可促进其知识迁移以实现长远有效的深度学习。有效失败与非正式科学学习因开放包容的氛围、主动建构的认识论特点以及富裕的时空资源互相啮合。在当前非正式科学教育亟待发展的背景下,将有效失败引入我国非正式科学学习中,或可为我国校外非正式科学教育注入鲜活的理论生命力。本文基于对有效失败内涵原则的剖析,以具体案例探索有效失败融入非正式科学学习的设计、实施、评价之路径,以期为我国后续基于有效失败理论的校外非正式科学学习活动提供参考。The social practice classroom within informal learning context has been a crucial breakthrough for fostering innovative development and high-quality advancement in science education for primary and secondary school in China.Informal science learning activities play a significant role in enhancing scientific literacy.The innovative learning theory of"Productive Failure"not only improves learners'problem-solving abilities but also promotes knowledge transfer,so as to facilitate long-term and effective deep learning.Productive Failure and informal science learning activities are mutually reinforcing;they are interconnected due to the open and inclusive atmosphere,the active epistemological construction,and the ample spatiotemporal resources.Against the backdrop of the urgent need for the development of informal science education,introducing Productive Failure into informal science learning activities in China may infuse fresh theoretical vitality into after-school informal science education.Based on an analysis of the principles and connotations of Productive Failure,this study explores specific cases to investigate pathways for integrating it into the design,implementation,and evaluation of informal science learning activities.The aim is to provide a reference for future informal science learning activities in China that are based on the theory of"Productive Failure".

关 键 词：校外教育 非正式科学学习 有效失败 案例分析 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]