固态复合酶解法和纳米球磨法处理对猴头菌子实体粉物理和营养特性及体外免疫活性的影响  

Effects of Solid-State Multienzyme Complex Hydrolysis and Nano Ball Milling on Physical and Nutritional Characteristics and In vitro Immune Activity of Hericium erinaceus Fruiting Body Powder

作　　者：杜敏杰 杨焱[3] 刘朋 张忠[3] 陈万超[3] 李文[3] 吴迪[3,4] 金月玲 DU Minjie;YANG Yan;LIU Peng;ZHANG Zhong;CHEN Wanchao;LI Wen;WU Di;JIN Yueling(Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Health Medical College,Shanghai 201318,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Engineering,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Ruifeng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学,上海201203 [2]上海健康医学院,上海201318 [3]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,国家食用菌加工技术研发中心,上海201403 [4]上海瑞丰农业科技有限公司,上海201100

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2024年第6期69-80,共12页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(21ZR1446200)。

摘　　要：以超微粉碎的猴头菌(Hericium erinaceus)子实体粉为对照,分别采用固态复合酶解法、纳米球磨法处理子实体粉,通过对子实体粉微观形貌、消化率、营养功效成分及体外免疫活性分析,探究不同加工处理方式对猴头菌子实体粉物理和营养特性及体外免疫活性的影响。结果表明:与超微粉碎法处理的子实体粉(PS)相比,纳米球磨法处理的子实体粉(PN)粒径降低,其纤维柱状结构改变;固态复合酶解法处理的子实体粉(PE)表面孔隙度增多,比表面积增加,体外模拟胃肠消化率提高。固态复合酶解法和纳米球磨法处理使猴头菌子实体粉多糖、可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、肽等含量均增加。与超微粉碎法所得的粗多糖(PLS)相比,固态复合酶解法所得的粗多糖(PLE)得率(13.42±0.64)%和多糖含量(67.05±0.18)%均增加,纳米球磨法所得的粗多糖(PLN)得率(12.30±0.44)%提高,但多糖含量增加不显著。与PLS相比,PLE的百万级分子量组分(P1)占比减少,PLN的占比增加。PLE显著提高RAW264.7巨噬细胞NO、TNF-α和IL^(-1)β的释放水平,具有较好的体外免疫活性。固态复合酶解法可显著提高猴头菌子实体粉的物理和营养特性及功效特征,为猴头菌应用于健康食品的开发提供参考。Using ultrafine pulverized Hericium erinaceus fruiting body powder(PS)as the control,the fruiting body powder was further processed by either solid-state multienzyme complex hydrolysis(PE)or nano ball milling(PN).The resultant fruiting body powders were observed for microstructure,measured for digestibility in vitro,analyzed for nutritional components,and evaluated for immune activity in vitro.The results showed that compared with PS,PN had a smaller particle size and altered fiber columnar structure,and PE had increases in surface porosity,surface area,and digestibility in vitro.Further processing with solid-state multienzyme complex hydrolysis or nano ball milling resulted in increases of polysaccharide,soluble solids,soluble protein and peptide in H.erinaceus fruiting body powders.The yield(13.42±0.64)%and polysaccharide content(67.05±0.18)%of the crude polysaccharide of PE(PLE)were higher than those of the crude polysaccharide of PS(PLS).The crude polysaccharide yield of PN(PLN)was also higher than that of PS,but the polysaccharide contents in PLN and PLS were statistically the same.Compared with PLS,the proportion of million molecular weight component(P1)in PLE decreased,whereas the proportion of P1 component in PLN increased.PLE significantly increased the release of NO,TNF-αand IL^(-1)βin RAW264.7 macrophages,showing good immune activity in vitro.In summary,solid-state multienzyme complex hydrolysis improved the physical and nutritional characteristics and efficacy of H.erinaceus fruiting body powder,and thus provided a reference for the development of functional dietary supplements from H.erinaceus.

关 键 词：猴头菌 子实体粉 加工方式 品质特性 免疫活性 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]