从包装视角探索中国食品安全可追溯体系建设的市场驱动力  

Exploring the Market Drivers for the Construction of China's Food Safety Traceability System from a Packaging Perspective

作　　者：白军飞[1,2] 皮芷颖 BAI Junfei;PI Zhiying(Beijing Food Safety Policy&Strategy Research Base,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学北京食品安全政策与战略研究基地,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《食物经济与管理》2024年第1期67-79,共13页Food Economics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“保障食物安全多元目标的需求端干预策略研究”(编号:72333003);中国农业大学2115人才工程资助;教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项“习近平总书记关于农业农村现代化的重要论述研究”(编号:2024JZDZ059)。

摘　　要：构建完善的可追溯体系是食品安全治理中至关重要的措施,但在以中小农户和小规模经营户占主体的中国农食供给系统中,建设全过程可追溯体系复杂且成本高昂。本文在高度抽象供应链上农食产品包装模式的基础上,提出并在理论上回答了两个重要的科学问题:哪些因素影响供应链终端农食产品销售时的包装状态?哪些因素影响农食产品从散装到独立包装的转变节点?结果表明,推动农食产品从散装向独立包装形态转变的市场力量包括(但不限于):农食产品的一系列自然特征、消费者对产品外观一致性的偏好、劳动力成本上升,以及卖家通过差异化定价获取更高利润的动机等。此外,农食产品进入独立包装的节点可能发生在供应链从上游生产端到下游零售端的任何节点上,这要取决于打包的规模效应、独立包装造成的储运成本上升幅度,以及打包能够降低的储运过程中的损失水平。因此,在建设食品安全可追溯体系中,政府需要更充分地利用市场自发的力量,更科学地配置和使用公共资源,提升其在建立食品安全可追溯体系中的效率。analysis of packaging patterns for agricultural and food products in the supply chain,this paper proposes and theoretically answers two important scientific questions:What factors influence the packaging status of agricultural and food products at the end of the supply chain;What factors affect the transition points from bulk to individual packaging?The results show that the market forces driving the transition of agricultural and food products from bulk to individual packaging include,but are not limited to,a series of natural characteristics of products,consumers'preference for product appearance consistency,rising labor costs,and sellers'motivations to achieve higher profits through differentiated pricing.Moreover,the transition point for agricultural and food products to individual packaging may occur at any point along the supply chain,from upstream production to downstream retail,depending on the scale effects of packaging,the extent to which individual packaging increases storage and transportation costs,and the level to which packaging can reduce losses during storage and transportation.Therefore,in the construction of a food safety traceability system,the government needs to make fuller use of spontaneous market forces.Only in this way can public resources be more scientifically allocated and utilized,thereby enhancing the efficiency of establishing a food safety traceability system.

关 键 词：食品安全 产品包装 可追溯体系 市场机制 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]