编码方式对不同拼音能力聋生双字词音位识别的影响  

The Impact of Encoding Mode on the Phonemic Recognition in Di-Syllablic Words of Deaf Students with Different Pinyin Ability

作　　者：陈影 贾玲 雷江华[3] CHEN Ying;JIA Ling;LEI Jianghua(College of Child Development and Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou,311231;College of Educational Science,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,830017;College of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学儿童发展与教育学院,杭州311231 [2]新疆师范大学教育科学学院,乌鲁木齐830017 [3]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2024年第10期60-68,共9页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家语委2023年度科研项目重点项目“聋人阅读能力的特点及脑机制研究”(项目号:ZDI145-77)的资助。

摘　　要：语音编码缺陷可能是聋生字词阅读困难的关键,视觉语音为聋生词汇解码与识别提供了替代性方案,但视觉语音编码及其加工机制仍处于探索阶段。本研究利用音位识别任务,通过两个实验分别考察字母编码和指拼编码条件下不同拼音水平聋生双字词识别的加工特点。结果发现:聋生声母识别比韵母识别更好且不受编码方式影响;双字词首字识别优势仅在指拼编码条件下显著,而首字声母优势则在字母编码条件下显著;聋生汉语拼音水平越高,识别词汇语音总体越好,但指拼编码条件下汉语拼音水平的作用存在“平台期”。上述结果反映出聋生双字词识别中编码方式作用的一般性与特异性。研究呼吁继续重视指拼和字母教学,关注指拼和字母的联系与区别,建议加强汉语拼音教学,促进聋生字词语音学习中多种视觉手段的灵活应用。Phonological awareness deficits may be the key to deaf students'new word reading difficulties,and visual speaking provides an alternative to vocabulary decoding and recognition,but visual speaking encoding and its processing mechanisms are still being explored.In this study,we investigated the processing characteristics of deaf students'di-syllabic word recognition under alphabetic encoding and fingerspelling encoding in two experiments using a phonemic recognition task.The results showed that deaf students'recognition of initials was better than that of finals,and was not affected by the encoding method;the advantage of recognizing the first word of a bi-syllabic word was only significant in the fingerspelling encoding,while the advantage of recognizing the first initial of a bi-syllabic word was significant in the alphabetic encoding;and the higher the level of Chinese pinyin the better the overall phonological recognition of words,but there was a“platform”in the role of Chinese pinyin in the fingerspelling encoding.The above results reflect the generality and specificity of the role of encoding mode in deaf students'bi-syllabic word recognition.The study calls for a continuing attention to the teaching of fingerspelling and alphabets,and to the connections and differences between these two visual codes,and suggests that the teaching of Chinese pinyin be strengthened to promote the flexible application of multiple visual means in the phonetic learning of new characters and words of deaf students.

关 键 词：聋生 双字词 语音编码 汉字位置 拼音能力 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]