情绪转向:道德神经科学视野下学校道德教育的突破与挑战  

The Emotional Turn:Breakthroughs and Challenges in School Moral Education from the Perspective of Moral Neuroscience

作　　者：刘争先 Liu Zhengxian(Faculty of Education,Southwest University;Research Center for School Moral Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Sichuan Institute for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence,Chengdu 611731)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]西南大学学校德育研究中心,重庆400715 [3]四川省脑科学与类脑智能研究院,成都611731

出　　处：《中国远程教育》2024年第12期15-23,共9页Chinese Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学一般项目“音乐影响道德判断的脑机制及其教育启示研究”(项目编号:BEA200115)。

摘　　要：自启蒙运动以来,理性主义逐渐成为学校道德教育的主导范式。理性主义范式在促进学生道德认知和道德推理发展的同时,因其忽视、否定学生的情绪感受,造成学校道德教育实效性低甚至反道德教育的非预期后果。21世纪以来,道德神经科学对于情绪在道德判断中作用的突破性研究使得道德心理学和道德教育领域正经历一场情绪转向。在情绪转向的背景下,学校道德教育应该基于道德神经科学等领域的研究结果,全面理解道德认知和道德情绪在道德判断中的作用,重视道德情绪对学生道德发展的关键作用和积极的社会功能,并直面情绪转向可能对学校道德教育带来的挑战:学校要提高学生的社会情感能力,警惕对道德情绪的操控;个体要运用认知推理减轻道德情绪的负面影响;社会转型和发展产生的新道德问题需要通过反复的道德实践塑造相应的道德情绪。Since the Enlightenment,rationalism has gradually become the dominant paradigm of school moral education.While promoting the development of students'moral cognition and moral reasoning,the rationalist paradigm neglects and denies students'emotions and feelings,resulting in the unintended consequence of low effectiveness and even anti-moral education in schools.Since the new century,the breakthrough research of moral neuroscience on the role of emotions in moral judgment has led to an emotional turn in the fields of moral psychology and moral education.Under the background of the emotional turn,school moral education should comprehensively understand the roles of moral cognition and moral emotions in moral judgment,emphasize the key role and positive social function of moral emotions on students'moral development based on the research results of moral neuroscience and other fields,and face up to the challenges that the emotional shift may bring to school moral education.Schools have to improve students'social-emotional competence and be wary of manipulation of moral emotions;individuals must use cognitive reasoning to mitigate the negative effects of moral emotions;and corresponding moral emotions need to be shaped through repeated moral practices in order to face new moral issues arising from social transformation and development.

关 键 词：情绪转向 道德情绪 道德神经科学 道德教育 

分 类 号：D648[政治法律—政治学]