走出西方质性研究方法“普适性”和“普世性”的双重迷思——基于文化维度理论的中美比较分析  

Stepping Out of Double Myth of“Applicability”and“Universality”Created by Western Qualitative Research Methodology:A Sino-US Comparative Analysis Based

作　　者：戴园园 贾雪玲[1] 梁静 刘雨婷 敖艺 陈园园 唐丽 DAI Yuanyuan;JIA Xueling;LIANG Jing;LIU Yuting;AO Yi;CHEN Yuanyuan;TANG Li(Research Center for Society and Culture,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Academic Affairs Office,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;School of Educational Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学社会文化研究所,重庆401331 [2]重庆师范大学教务处,重庆401331 [3]重庆师范大学教育科学学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《世界教育信息》2024年第12期64-72,共9页Journal of World Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金西部和边疆地区项目“‘双循环’新格局下成渝高教共建西部国际教育枢纽研究:基于变革型合作的视角”(编号:21XJC880001);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究一般项目“成渝高教共建创新型国际教育枢纽的实现机制和指标体系研究”(编号:24SKGH060);重庆市教育委员会高等教育教学改革研究项目“五育并举背景下女大学生生命教育课程体系建构”(编号:213136);重庆市教育委员会人文社科重点基地项目“重庆市专业学位研究生教育与区域经济发展的耦合机制研究”(编号:21SKJD050)。

摘　　要：西方质性研究方法体系通过打造其兼具“普适性”和“普世性”的双重迷思以实现并不断强化在全球的垄断,非西方质性研究者往往身陷其中而难以适应。文章基于对田野实践五要素的中美比较,揭示西方质性研究方法在包括中国在内的非西方国家不具“普适性”的现状,继而运用霍夫斯泰德文化维度框架,破解西方质性方法体系缺乏“普适性”的根源在于其文化不具备“普世性”。在此田野实践的中美比较和文化分析基础之上解构西方质性研究体系的自洽逻辑,进而探索一条走出西方质性研究方法“普适性”和“普世性”双重迷思的本土化路径。The Western system of qualitative research methodology has established and perpetuated its global monopoly through creating a dual myth of“applicability”and“universality”,which non-Western qualitative researchers often find difficult to navigate or challenge.This paper reveals that Western qualitative methods are not universally applicable to non-Western countries,including China,through a comparative analysis of five key fieldwork elements between China and the United States.Using Geert Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension theory as a primary analytical framework,the study examines how these fieldwork elements are shaped by cultural differences in the two cultures.The analysis shows that the lack of“applicability”of Western qualitative methods is rooted in the absence of“universality”within Western culture.Based on the Sino-US fieldwork comparison and cultural analysis,this paper deconstructs the internally coherent logic of Western qualitative methodology and explores a localized path to move beyond the dual myths of“applicability”and“universality”by developing a Chinese-style qualitative research framework rooted in local culture.

关 键 词：质性研究 本土化 田野 中美 文化维度 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]