系统论视阈下特别重大突发事件应急治理失灵模型研究  

Research on the Failure Model of Emergency Governance for Special Major Emergencies under the Threshold of System Theory

作　　者：陈梁 陈威 王修来 CHEN Liang;CHEN Wei;WANG Xiulai(School of Management Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Research Institute of Talent Big Data,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Medical Information Data Room,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing 210002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学管理工程学院,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学人才大数据研究院,江苏南京210044 [3]东部战区总医院医学信息数据室,江苏南京210002

出　　处：《灾害学》2025年第1期140-145,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“整合多元数据提升青年科技后备人才管理效率机理研究”(22BGL282)。

摘　　要：顺应韧性治理的发展潮流,基于系统论破解特别重大突发事件应急治理失灵困境。结合中国应急管理部官方网站公布的特别重大突发事件调查报告,从“失灵溯源”的视角综合审视突发事件应急治理过程,根据技术应用、情报协同、组织治理在应急治理过程中赋能与失灵的双重效应,构建特别重大突发事件应急治理失灵模型。研究发现,技术应用子系统、情报协同子系统和组织治理子系统分别通过技术支持、数据获取和信息整合;情报收集、分析协同和共享传递;指挥协调、资源调度和决策执行的作用路径,共同影响特别重大突发事件的应急治理效能。在实际治理过程中,需要解决系统和要素之间的失灵困境,才能更好地赋能特别重大突发事件应急治理韧性。In line with the development trend of resilient governance,the dilemma of emergency response governance failure in particularly major emergencies is solved based on system theory.Combined with the investigation report on particularly major emergencies published on the official website of China’s Ministry of Emergency Management,the process of emergency governance of emergencies is comprehensively examined from the perspective of“tracing back the failure”,and a model of emergency governance failure of particularly major emergencies is constructed based on the dual effects of empowerment and failure of technological application,intelligence collaboration and organizational governance in emergency governance.It is found that the technology application system,intelligence synergy system and organizational governance system jointly affect the effectiveness of emergency response governance of particularly major emergencies mainly by three paths:①technical support,data acquisition and information integration.②intelligence collection,analysis and synergy,and sharing and transmission;and③command and coordination,resource scheduling and decision-making implementation.And that the dysfunction dilemma between the system and the elements needs to be resolved during the actual governance process,in order to better empower the resilience of emergency governance of particularly critical emergencies.

关 键 词：特别重大突发事件 应急治理 失灵模型 系统论 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5