有为政府与有效市场下的我国职业教育治理:理论逻辑与实践路径  

Governance of vocational education in China under capablegovernment and effective market: theoretical logic and practical path

作　　者：李政[1] 邱懿 LI Zheng;QIU Yi(Institute of Vocational&Adult Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;Vocational and Adult Education Department,Ministry of Education of the People′s Republic of China,Beijing 100816;Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062 [2]中华人民共和国教育部职业教育与成人教育司,北京100816 [3]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2025年第1期62-73,共12页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划国家一般课题(BJA240171)。

摘　　要：政府与市场的关系是职业教育内外部治理关系的核心,先后经历了政府主导论、市场基础论、有为政府与有效市场论的演变。在有为政府与有效市场的关系形塑下,职业教育治理改革应实现三大转变,即政府治理方式应从事后响应转变为事前布局,职业院校治理角色应从代理主体转变为改革先锋,市场主体参与治理的动机应从短期利益转变为战略投资。政府、职业院校和市场的关系应由单向的“影响回应”关系转变为双向的“并行互动”关系。当前,我国政府参与职业教育治理的权责边界不清,职业院校办学自主权无法满足发展需求,市场主体参与职业教育缺乏战略自觉。为此,我国应加强各级政府的政策协作,提升政府政策的精准度和前瞻性;优化职业院校组织定位和内部治理模式,提升学校治理的灵活性和有效性;深度分析企业发展的外部条件和内部需求,提升企业发展的积极性和适应性。The relationship between the government and the market is a core relationship in vocational education governance.The relationship between the government and the market in our country has undergone the evolution of government-led theory,market-based theory,efficient market and proactive government theory.Based on the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform,under the shaping of the relationship between effective market and proactive government,the governance reform of vocational education should achieve three major transformations:the governance mode of central and local governments should shift from post response to pre layout,the governance role of vocational schools should shift from agency to reform pioneer,and the motivation for market entities to participate in governance should shift from short-term interests to strategic investment.The relationship between the government,vocational schools,and the market has shifted from a one-way"influence-response"relationship to a two-way"parallel-interaction"relationship.Currently,the autonomy of the government′s power and responsibility to participate in the governance of vocational education is unclear,the autonomy of vocational colleges can not meet the development needs,and the market players lack strategic consciousness in participating in vocational education.Therefore,China should strengthen the policy coordination at all levels of government,improve the accuracy and foresight of government policies;Optimize the organizational positioning and internal governance model of vocational colleges to enhance the flexibility and effectiveness of school governance;In-depth analysis of the external conditions and internal needs of enterprise development to enhance the enthusiasm and adaptability of enterprise development.

关 键 词：职业教育治理 有为政府 有效市场 全面深化改革 办学自主权 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]