奖励引导的注意对听力障碍儿童视觉工作记忆的影响  

Impact of reward-guided attention on visual working memory in children with hearing impairment

作　　者：王璟鑫 杜丽颖 孟晓娟 孙延超[1] 张德香 刘晓芹[1] WANG Jingxin;DU Liying;MENG Xiaojuan;SUN Yanchao;ZHANG Dexiang;LIU Xiaoqin(School of Psychology,Weifang Medical College,Weifang 261053,Shandong Province,China;Teachers College of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266075,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院心理学院,中国潍坊261053 [2]青岛大学师范学院,中国青岛266075

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2024年第6期443-447,共5页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：中国残疾人联合会课题项目(21&ZC012)。

摘　　要：目的探讨听力障碍儿童中是否存在奖励价值效应,同时考察奖励引导的注意对听力障碍儿童视觉工作记忆的影响。方法以30名听力障碍儿童和30名听力正常儿童作为被试,分别采用序列呈现和整体呈现的变化觉察任务范式,分析不同奖励引导下回忆正确率和反应时的变化。结果在序列呈现记忆项目时,回忆正确率的系列位置主效应显著(P<0.001),位置4的项目回忆正确率高于位置1、位置2和位置3,位置3的项目回忆正确率高于位置1和位置2。回忆反应时的奖励类型与系列位置的交互作用显著(P=0.009);奖励相同时,位置4回忆反应时少于位置3;奖励不同时,位置3和位置4回忆反应时均少于位置1。在整体呈现记忆项目时,回忆正确率的被试类型主效应边缘显著(P=0.069),听力障碍儿童的回忆正确率低于听力正常儿童。回忆反应时的被试类型主效应边缘显著(P=0.099),听力障碍儿童的回忆反应时长于听力正常儿童。结论听力障碍和听力正常儿童均呈现出近因效应,但未表现出奖励价值效应。Objective To explore whether there is a reward value effect in children with hearing impairment,and examine the impact of reward-guided attention on visual working memory in these children.Methods Thirty children with hearing impairment and 30 normal children were selected as participants.The change perception task paradigms,including sequential presentation and overall presentation,were used to analyze changes in recall accuracy and reaction time under different reward guidance.Results In the sequential presentation of memory items,the main effect of series position onrecall accuracy was significant(P<0.001),with item recall accuracy at position 4 being higher than those at positions 1,2,and 3,and item recall accuracy at position 3 being higher than those at positions 1 and 2.The interaction betweenreward types and series positions during recall reaction was significant(P=0.009).When the rewards were the same,the recall reaction time at position 4 was shorter than that at position 3.When the rewards were different,the recall reaction time at positions 3 and 4 was shorter than that at position 1.In the overall presentation of memory items,the main effect of recall accuracy for different types of subjects was marginally significant(P=0.069),and the recall accuracy of children with hearing impairment was lower than that of normal children.The main effect of participant type on recall reaction time was marginally significant(P=0.099),and children with hearing impairment had more recall reaction time than normal children.Conclusion Both children with hearing impairment and normal children exhibit a recency effect,but neither group shows a reward value effect.

关 键 词：听力障碍儿童 视觉工作记忆 奖励引导的注意 回忆正确率 回忆反应时 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]