温室草莓精准灌溉系统的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of precision irrigation system of greenhouse strawberry

作　　者：腰彩红 李扬 王建春[1] 孙想[2] 邹苏云 YAO Caihong;LI Yang;WANG Jianchun;SUN Xiang;ZOU Suyun(Institute of Information Science,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin,300192,China;Beijing Agricultural Information Technology Research Center,Beijing,100097,China;Tianjin Hongbai Technology Co.Ltd.Tianjin,300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院信息研究所,天津300192 [2]北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]天津泓柏科技有限公司,天津300192

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2024年第6期17-23,39,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1101105).

摘　　要：为解决传统温室灌溉系统存在的过量灌溉问题,保证草莓始终处于适宜的土壤湿度环境下,节约水资源,本文提出一种基于STM32芯片和RS485型传感器的灌溉设备。针对灌溉系统具有的非线性、惯性大且一定滞后性特性,提出了模糊自适应PID控制算法,结合调节型阀门,设计了根据土壤湿度变化实时、自动、精准调节灌溉量的系统。为了验证算法应用效果,根据温室草莓实际灌溉规律建立了数学模型,通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真对比传统PID和模糊自适应PID模拟灌溉模型,得出模糊自适应PID比传统PID超调量少7.98%,且达到稳定后稳态误差维持在±0.5%范围内的结果。本研究利用模糊规则改进了PID控制算法,将其应用到温室草莓灌溉系统中减小了超调量,降低了稳态误差,有效避免了水资源浪费。The irrigation system is an innovative technology in alleviating the problems of excessive irrigation and waste of water resources in traditional greenhouse irrigation system.The purpose is to save water resources under assurance of the suitable soil moisture environment for strawberry growth.In this paper,a kind of irrigation equipment based on STM32 chip and RS485 sensor was proposed.In view of the non-linearity,large inertia and certain hysteresis of the irrigation system,fuzzy self-adaptive PID control algorithm was put forward.Combined with the regulating valve,a real-time,automatic and accurate irrigation system was designed to adjust the irrigation amount according to the change of soil moisture.Finally,a mathematical model was established according to the actual irrigation law of greenhouse strawberry in order to verify the effectiveness of the system.By comparing the effect of traditional PID and fuzzy self-adaptive PID in simulating irrigation model through MATLAB/Simulink,the fuzzy self-adaptive PID was 7.98%less than that of the traditional PID in overshoot,and maintained with±0.5%steady-state error.The results showed that the PID control algorithm improved by fuzzy rules applied in greenhouse strawberry irrigation system was beneficial to reduce the overshoot and steady-state error.In practice,this system can effectively avoid the waste of water resources.

关 键 词：精准灌溉 模糊自适应 PID 控制算法 温室草莓 仿真 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学] TN876.3[电子电信—信息与通信工程]