基于GC-MS分析鼓槌石斛不同花期及不同部位挥发性成分  

Volatile components of different flowering periods and different parts of Dendrobium chrysotoxum based on GC-MS

作　　者：赵瑞晶 曹桦[2] 陆琳[2] 李丽梅 沈定才 李涵[2] 李东徽[1] ZHAO Ruijing;CAO Hua;LU Lin;LI Limei;SHEN Dingcai;LI Han;LI Donghui(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;National Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture Engineering,Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Institute of Caulis dendrobii Longling County,Baoshan 678300,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,昆明650205 [3]龙陵县石斛研究所,云南保山678300

出　　处：《广西植物》2024年第12期2301-2311,共11页Guihaia

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划(202005AD160014);绿色食品牌项目(530000210000000013742);云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-05);重大科技专项(202002AA100007)。

摘　　要：为探究鼓槌石斛(Dendrobium chrysotoxum)开花时挥发性成分特点及释放规律,该研究采用固相微萃取(SPME)结合GC-MS技术,检测鼓槌石斛花蕾期、初花期、盛花期和末花期4个时期及盛花期唇瓣、萼片、花瓣和花蕊柱4个部位的挥发性成分,并在此基础上进行主成分分析、香气释放规律分析。结果表明:(1)在鼓槌石斛4个时期,共检测到挥发性成分29种,分别为13种烯类、6种醇类、2种醛类、2种酯类、2种烷类、1种酚类、1种酸类和1种其他类;在鼓槌石斛盛花期4个部位中,共检测到挥发性成分39种,分别为15种烯类、9种醇类、4种烷类、3种酯类、3种酮类、2种醛类、2种其他类和1种酸类。(2)鼓槌石斛挥发性成分种类及含量在花朵从盛开到衰败的整个过程中先逐渐升高而后降低,盛花期挥发性成分最多有22种,主要为烯类和酯类。(3)醋酸辛酯、罗勒烯、(+)-α-蒎烯、(-)-β-蒎烯、月桂烯、d-柠檬烯和正辛醇7种成分为鼓槌石斛中重要的挥发性成分,其中醋酸辛酯和罗勒烯在盛花期释放量最高,分别占总含量的31.74%和24.98%,醋酸辛酯在花蕾期、初花期、盛花期3个时期均被检测到且含量都较高;(+)-α-蒎烯、(-)-β-蒎烯、月桂烯、d-柠檬烯和正辛醇5种挥发性成分仅在初花期和盛花期被检测到,并且随着花朵的开放含量逐渐增加。(4)鼓槌石斛不同部位释放的挥发性成分种类和含量存在差异,主要释香部位为花瓣和萼片,在萼片中检测到的挥发性成分种类最多(为29种),在花瓣中检测到的挥发性成分种类有20种,总含量最高(为5754.26 ng·g^(-1))。综上认为,鼓槌石斛在不同花期和不同部位释放的花香物质存在差异,该研究结果为鼓槌石斛花日化产业开发奠定了理论基础。In order to investigate the characteristics and release pattern of volatile components during flowering of Dendrobium chrysotoxum.In this study,solid-phase microextraction(SPME)combined with GC-MS was used to detect the volatile components of D.chrysotoxum in four periods:bud period,first-flowering period,full-flowering period and last-flowering period,and four parts of the labellum,sepals,petals and pistil column in full-flowering period,and on the basis of this analysis,we carried out the analysis of principal components and the pattern of fragrance release.The results were as follows:(1)A total of 29 volatile components were detected in the four periods of D.chrysotoxum,consisting of 13 alkenes,6 alcohols,2 aldehydes,2 esters,2 alkanes,1 phenol,1 acid and 1 other;a total of 39 volatile components were detected in the 4 parts of D.chrysotoxum during the full-flowering period,consisting of 15 alkenes,9 alcohols,4 alkanes,3 esters,3 ketones,2 aldehydes,2 others and 1 acid.(2)The volatile components and content in D.chrysotoxum gradually increase and then decrease during the whole process from full-flowering to decaying,and there are up to 22 volatile components in the full-flowering period,mainly alkenes and esters.(3)A total of 7 volatile components,namely,octyl acetate,ocimene,(+)-α-pinene,(-)-β-pinene,laurolene,d-limonene and 1-octanol,were important volatile components in D.chrysotoxum.Among them,octyl acetate and ocimene were the most released in the full-flowering period,which accounted for 31.74%and 24.98%of the total content,and the contents of acetic acid,octyl ester were detected in the three periods of bud,first-flowering and full-flowering,and the content was higher;(+)-α-pinene,(-)-β-pinene,myrcene,d-limonene and 1-octanol were detected only in the first-flowering and full-flowering periods and their contents increased gradually with the opening of the flowers.(4)The types and contents of volatile components released from different parts of D.chrysotoxum also varied.The main odoriferous parts wer

关 键 词：花香 鼓槌石斛 固相微萃取 花香释放规律 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]