基于拉绳位移传感器的飞机大部件对接测量场构建与位姿求解  

Docking measurement field construction and pose solving for aircraft large components based on draw-wire displacement sensors

作　　者：王洪喜[1,2] 孙正阳 刘冰 王冠伟 WANG Hongxi;SUN Zhengyang;LIU Bing;WANG Guanwei(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision and Ultra-precision Machining and Measurement,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]精密与超精密加工及测量国家地方联合工程研究中心,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2024年第21期3184-3199,共16页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(No.2023A02010-2);国际科技合作计划资助项目(No.2019KW-048)。

摘　　要：针对激光、iGPS、视觉图像等位姿测量系统容易受到温度、湿度、空气扰动、转站以及视线遮挡等因素影响的问题,运用拉绳位移传感器构建了一种用于检测飞机大部件相对位姿的测量场,并采用BP神经网络-牛顿迭代法求解飞机大部件的相对位姿。通过6组拉绳位移传感器在飞机大部件对接面间的合理布局,建立飞机大部件对接位姿计算理论模型,并运用神经网络-牛顿迭代算法对位姿进行求解。数值仿真结果显示,位置最大误差绝对值为4.9×10^(-7)mm,姿态角最大误差绝对值为1.97×10^(-9)°,通过误差仿真并与实验结果进行对比分析,验证了采用拉绳位移传感器构建测量场并运用神经网络-牛顿算法求解大部件位姿是可行的。该方法不易受外界环境的影响,能够准确检测大部件的相对位姿。To address the challenges posed by environmental factors such as temperature,humidity,air turbulence,station transfer,and line-of-sight obstructions in pose measurement systems like laser-based,iGPS,and visual imagery methods,a novel measurement field employing draw-wire displacement sensors was developed for detecting the relative pose of large aircraft components.The relative positions and orientations of these components were calculated using a back propagation BP neural network-Newton iteration method.By strategically arranging six sets of draw-wire displacement sensors along the docking surfaces of the aircraft components,a theoretical model for pose determination was established.The pose was subsequently resolved through the neural network-Newton algorithm.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the maximum position error is 4.9×10^(-7)mm,and the maximum attitude angle error is 1.97×10^(-9)°.Comparative analyses between error simulations and experimental results confirmed the feasibility and precision of this approach.The findings indicate that the proposed method remains robust against external environmental disturbances and enables highly accurate detection of the relative pose of large components.

关 键 词：大尺寸测量 拉绳位移传感器 大部件 位姿 BP神经网络算法 牛顿迭代法 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TP312[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]