从埃里克森人格发展理论探索0—6岁家庭教育中如何预防养成“巨婴”心理  

Exploring the Prevention of“Giant Infant”Psychology in 0-6-Year-Olds’Family Education—Based on Erikson’s Theory of Personality Development

作　　者：肖玲 向琼香 Xiao Ling;Xiang Qiongxiang(Geely University of China,Chengdu 641423)

机构地区：[1]吉利学院,成都641423

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第2期140-143,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：0至6岁被视为个体心理成长的黄金阶段,在此期间的家庭教育对于塑造一个人的人格具有长远意义。根据埃里克森的人格发展理论,心理发展会经历不同的阶段,每个阶段都存在特定的任务需要完成,如果任务完成得不好,可能会导致个体形成不健康的心理。“巨婴”心理就是一种常见的不健康的心理状态,表现为过度依赖、自私自利、缺乏自主性和责任感等,其产生折射出的正是儿童成长过程中的问题。预防“巨婴”心理养成的策略:(一)给孩子足够的安全感和信任感;(二)培养与协助孩子的独立自主性;(三)鼓励孩子与外界交往;(四)培养孩子抗挫折的能力;(五)合理规划孩子的生活作息;(六)避免唯智力论。The period from 0 to 6 years old is a critical stage for the development of individual psychology,and family education during this stage has a profound impact on the formation of one’s personality.Erikson’s theory of personality development outlines various stages of psychological growth,each with distinct tasks that need to be completed.If these tasks are not well-completed it may lead to the formation of unhealthy psychology in individuals.Among them,“giant infant”psychology is an unhealthy one marked by excessive dependence,selfishness,and lack of autonomy and responsibility.And the presentation of this psychological state reflects problems in the growth process.Strategies for preventing the development of“giant infant”psychology include:(1)Providing children with a sense of security and trust;(2)Fostering and assisting children’s independence;(3)Encouraging children to interact with the outside world;(4)Developing children’s resilience to setbacks;(5)Planning children’s daily routines reasonably;(6)Avoiding an exclusive focus on intellectual development.

关 键 词：埃里克森人格发展理论 0—6岁 家庭教育 “巨婴”心理 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] B848[哲学宗教—心理学]