我国月球无人自动采样返回探测技术发展成就  

Technology Achievements of China’s Lunar Unmanned Automatic Sampling and Return Exploration

作　　者：杨孟飞[1] 张伍[2] 张高[2] 彭兢[2] 阮剑华[2] 黄昊[2] 邓湘金[2] 史伟[2] 王勇[3] 张洪华[3] 王晓磊[3] 洪鑫 张玉花[5] 查学雷 李天义 孟占峰[2] 邢琰[3] 盛瑞卿[2] YANG Mengfei;ZHANG Wu;ZHANG Gao;PENG Jing;RUAN Jianhua;HUANG Hao;DENG Xiangjin;SHI Wei;WANG Yong;ZHANG Honghua;WANG Xiaolei;HONG Xin;ZHANG Yuhua;ZHA Xuelei;LI Tianyi;MENG Zhanfeng;XING Yan;SHENG Ruiqing(China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094 [2]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [3]北京控制工程研究所,北京100094 [4]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112 [5]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109

出　　处：《航天器工程》2024年第6期1-13,共13页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：为实现月球无人自动采样返回,我国共实施了三次探测任务,包括月地高速再入返回试验、嫦娥五号探测任务和嫦娥六号探测任务,实现了地月往返飞行以及月球正面、月球背面无人自动采样返回,共获取月球样品3.666 kg。文章阐述了我国月球无人自动采样返回探测任务的主要难点、特点和系统设计方案,给出了在轨飞行结果,并对月球无人自动采样返回探测在总体设计、地月往返轨道设计、月球表面采样封装、月球表面起飞上升、月球轨道交会对接与样品转移、月地转移入射、高速再入返回和新技术预先验证等多个方面的技术成就进行了总结。To achieve lunar unmanned automatic sampling and return,China conducted one lunar sampling and return mission in both the 3rd Phase and the 4th Phase of the Lunar Exploration Program,successfully accomplishing unmanned automatic sampling and return from both the near and far sides of the Moon,with a total of 3.666kg of lunar samples collected from two missions.This paper elaborates on the main challenges and characteristics of China's two lunar robotic sampling and return missions,focuses on the overall probe design schemes,presents the in-orbit flight results.Multiple technical achievements are summarized,including overall design of lunar robotic sampling and return missions,lunar surface sampling and packing,lift-off from lunar surface,lunar orbital rendezvous and docking with sampling transfer,Moon-Earth trajectory insertion,high-speed reentry with lunar sample,complex system assembly,integration and test,ground test system construction and so on.

关 键 词：月球 自动 采样返回 技术成就 

分 类 号：V57[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]