积分入学政策、技能偏向与流动人口居留意愿  

Point-based Enrollment Policy, Skill Bias, and Permanent Migration Tendency

作　　者：方师乐 倪汤顺 Fang Shile;Ni Tangshun(School of Management,Wenzhou Business College,Wenzhou;Institute for Common Prosperity and Development,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou;School of Economics,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou)

机构地区：[1]温州商学院管理学院 [2]浙江大学共享与发展研究院 [3]浙江工商大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2024年第6期122-133,共12页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：杭州市哲学社会科学规划课题“促进教育机会公平的体制机制研究”(项目编号:Z22JC088);浙江省社会科学基金“农地产权制度改革优化要素资源配置的理论、实证和对策研究”(项目编号:XR202205);国家社会科学基金一般项目“习近平总书记关于‘两个健康’重要论述的理论构建与实践研究”(项目编号:23BGL001)。

摘　　要：随迁子女“积分入学”,是地方政府在探索基础教育政策改革和流动人口管理方式上的一次重大创新。文章将2010~2018年中国流动人口动态监测数据和地级市宏观数据匹配,借助交叠双重差分法,系统考察了积分入学政策如何影响流动人口居留意愿及其群体异质性。研究发现积分入学政策会显著抑制流动人口的城市居留意愿。机制分析表明,积分入学政策主要通过子女随迁、公办就读和稳定就业三个途径影响流动人口城市居留意愿。异质性分析发现,不合理的项目设置与赋值方式导致积分入学政策带来的教育资源主要流向高技能人才子女,进而导致城市对低技能流动人口的“挤出”。文章为共同富裕目标下,通过随迁子女基础教育政策改革促进教育机会公平、推动新型城镇化发展提供参考。The"point-based enrollment"policy for migrant children represents a significant institutional innovation by local governments,aimed at reforming basic education mechanisms and managing the migrant population.Using data from the 2010-2018 China Mobility Monitoring Database,combined with macro-level data from prefecture-level cities,this study employs an overlapping difference-in-differences method to systematically evaluate the impact of the policy on migrants'willingness to stay in cities,as well as its stratified effects.The findings reveal that the point-based enrollment policy significantly reduces migrants'urban settlement intentions.Mechanism analysis indicates that the policy influences urban settlement intentions primarily through three pathways:children's migration,access to public schooling,and stable employment.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the education resources allocated under the policy disproportionately benefit the children of high-skilled migrants,leading to the"crowding out"of low-skilled migrants.This study provides critical insights into how reforms in basic education policies for migrant children can promote equitable education opportunities and advance"new urbanization"under the framework of common prosperity.

关 键 词：基础教育 随迁子女 积分入学 居留意愿 新型城镇化 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]