瑞丽咖啡种质资源圃咖啡资源保存现状与创新利用  

Conservation Status and Innovative Utilization of Coffee Resources in the Coffee Germplasm Resource Nursery of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Ruili)

作　　者：赵明珠[1] 李锦红[1] 白学慧[1] 马关润 郭铁英[1] 萧自位[1] 周华[1] ZHAO Mingzhu;LI Jinhong;BAI Xuehui;MA Guanrun;GUO Tieying;XIAO Ziwei;ZHOU Hua(Yunnan Dehong Institute of Tropical Agricultural Science,Ruili 678600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2025年第1期46-52,共7页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：国家热带植物种质资源库咖啡种质资源分库(NTPGRC2019-今);国家木薯产业技术体系咖啡云南德宏综合试验站(CARS-11-YNLJH)。

摘　　要：农业农村部瑞丽咖啡种质资源圃拥有种类丰富、数量庞大的咖啡种质资源,是国内规模最大、最为全面的咖啡种质资源宝库,截至2023年底已收集超过800份咖啡种质资源,包括多个咖啡品种及野生近缘种,建立了自然与人工杂交后代群体,为遗传育种研究提供了材料,并成功推出‘卡蒂姆CIFC7963’‘德热132’‘德热3号’‘德热4号’等高品质咖啡新品种,丰富了市场并提升了国产咖啡竞争力;同时,助力咖啡产业转型升级和可持续发展,通过技术培训、示范推广等方式提升农民咖啡种植技术和管理水平,促进增收。文章回顾其发展历程、资源收集保存现状及创新利用成就,并展望未来研究方向,旨在为咖啡资源利用和产业发展提供参考。The Ruili Coffee Germplasm Resources Nursery of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has a rich variety and a large quantity of coffee germplasm resources,making it the largest and most comprehensive treasure trove of coffee germplasm resources in China.By the end of 2023,it has collected over 800 coffee germplasm resources covering various coffee varieties and wild relatives.The germplasm nursery has established natural and artificial hybrid offspring populations,providing materials for genetic breeding research.And it has successfully launched high-quality new varieties such as Catimor CIFC7963,DTARI 132,DTARI No.3,and DTARI No.4,enriching the market and enhancing the competitiveness of domestic coffee.Meanwhile,the germplasm nursery helps the transformation and upgrading and sustainable development of the coffee industry.Through technical training,demonstration and promotion and other methods,it improves farmers'coffee planting technology and management level and promotes income increase.This article reviews its development process,the current status of resource collection and preservation,and achievements in innovative utilization,and looks forward to future research directions,aiming to provide references for coffee resource utilization and industrial development.

关 键 词：咖啡 种质资源 保存 利用 

分 类 号：S571.2[农业科学—作物学]