21世纪美国联邦政府推进高等教育国际化的时代动因、战略举措及经验启示  

The U.S.Federal Government's Drive,Tactics and Experience in Encouraging Internationalization of Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century

作　　者：王少奇 陈颀蕊 WANG Shaoqi;CHEN Qirui(Liaoning Normal University,Dalian,Liaoning 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2025年第1期46-52,共7页Modern Education Science

基　　金：辽宁省社科基金教育学青年项目“加速社会大学生文凭焦虑的现实表征及治理路径研究”(项目编号:L24CED005);2022年度辽宁省教育科学“十四五”规划项目“辽宁省地方高校学术型博士生科研动力评估及提升策略研究”(项目编号:JG22DB411);2023年度教育部产学研协同育人项目“线上+线下融合的地方高校青年教师数字胜任力培训探索与实践”(项目编号:230804876075522)。

摘　　要：21世纪以来美国联邦政府基于政治、经济、学术等方面的利益诉求,通过构建以签证与移民政策为抓手广泛吸引国际学生、以多元奖学金项目为依托促进高校学生海外留学、以外语和地区研究计划为核心发展在地国际化、以双边或多边倡议为平台促成高等教育机构的国际合作网络等四维一体的高等教育国际化战略体系,引导并进一步推动了美国高等教育国际化的全面深化发展。借鉴其发展经验推进我国高等教育国际化发展,应从以下3个方面着力:完善政策、法规建设,推进高等教育国际化的制度化和体系化转型;塑造学生本位的理念认同,探索中国特色的在地国际化形式;拓展全球合作网络,推进内外并重的双向度国际化发展模式的转型。The U.S.Federal Government has created a four-dimensional system of internationalization based on visa and immigration policies to draw in foreign students,numerous scholarship programs to encourage study abroad,foreign language and regional studies programs to foster local internationalization,and bilateral or multilateral initiatives to foster international cooperation networks of higher education institutions.The broad and increasing growth of internationalization of higher education in the United States has been led and further fostered by the internationalization strategy system of higher education.Using its development experience as a guide,we should concentrate on the following three areas in order to advance internationalization of higher education in China:strengthening the development of policies and regulations,advancing the institutionalization and systematic transformation of internationalization of higher education;developing a conceptual identity that is student-oriented,investigating the form of local internationalization with Chinese characteristics;and broadening the global community.

关 键 词：美国联邦政府 高等教育国际化 在地国际化 教育软实力 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]