技能的认知结构及其作用  

The Cognitive Structure of Skill and Its Function

作　　者：张帆[1] 杜天柔 ZHANG Fan;Du Tian-rou(Institute of Philosophy,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院哲学研究所,上海200025

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2025年第1期111-115,共5页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市哲社一般项目“技能迁移的认知研究”(2022BZX005)。

摘　　要：技能是通过反复训练或实践而习得的认知能力。因此,技能的实践过程本质上是一个认知过程。从认知结构来看,技能的认知结构主要包括三个层次:简单认知、繁复认知和复杂认知。技能的认知结构与技能获得所需的知识相辅相成。简单认知、繁复认知和复杂认知涵盖了陈述性知识、概念性知识和程序性知识,并在技能施展过程中的认知阶段、关联阶段和自动阶段中发挥作用。Skills are cognitive abilities acquired through repeated training or practice.Therefore,the practical process of skills is essentially a cognitive process.From the perspective of cognitive structure,the cognitive structure of skills mainly includes three levels:simple cognition,complicated cognition,and complex cognition.The cognitive structure of skills and the knowledge required for skill acquisition complement each other.Simple cognition,complicated cognition,and complex cognition encompass declarative knowledge,conceptual knowledge,and procedural knowledge,and they play an important role in the cognitive,associative,and autonomous stages of skill execution.

关 键 词：技能 陈述性知识 概念性知识 程序性知识 

分 类 号：G031[文化科学]