朱子对告子形象之重塑  

Zhu Xi's Remodeling of Gao Zi's Image

作　　者：蔡家和[1] CAI Jiahe(Department of Philosophy,Tunghai University,Taichung 40704,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾东海大学哲学系,中国台湾台中40704

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：朱子对告子进行了不同于孟子的形塑。关于告子的记载,现今可考者甚少,大抵只见于《孟子》“知言养气”章、《孟子·告子上》、《孟子》前六章“孟告之辩”处,以及《墨子》少数几篇文章中。由于流传下来的文章太少,且不易解读,因此关于其思想之判定,至今仍是众说纷纭;有以为告子属前期古传统之儒者,亦有谓其近墨、近道,甚至近似佛学、禅学。朱子对告子进行了一番创造性诠释,而有别于孟子。其中关键之处在于朱子与孟子所欲应付的时代不同。孟子忧心时代风气将如杨、墨之无父无君,而离禽兽不远,因此辟邪说、放淫辞,与告子辩论,从而提出自己的观点。至于朱子则是面对当时禅学之兴盛而欲辟之,故将告子转为近禅或心学的形象,以便一并提出反省与革新。Zhu Xi portrayed Gao Zi in a different manner of that of Mencius.There have been few records available about Gao Zi to this day,mostly are found in the chapter of“Knowing the Speech and Cultivating Qi”in“Mencius”,“Gao ZiⅠof Mencius”,the first six chapters of“Debate Between Mencius and Gao Zi”,and a few articles in“Mo Zi”.Due to the scarcity of preserved texts and their difficulty in interpretation,opinions on his thought remain diverse:some believe Gao Zi is an early ancient traditional Confucian scholar,while others claim he is close to Mohism,Taoism,and even Buddhism and Zen Buddhism.Zhu Xi provided a creative interpretation of Gao Zi,which differed from that of Mencius.The key difference lies in the different ideologies of the times that Zhu Xi and Mencius wanted to address.Mencius was concerned that the prevailing trends of the time would lead to a society without father or king,not far from being like animals,hence he refuted heretical ideas and debated with Gao Zi,presenting his own views.When it comes to Zhu Xi,he wanted to counter the prosperity of Zen Buddhism at that time,so he transformed Gao Zi into an image closer to Zen or the study of the mind,in order to propose reflection and innovation together.

关 键 词：朱熹(朱子) 告子 孟子 义外 言 心 禅 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]