“海上民族”:文化记忆与历史建构  

“The Sea Peoples”--Cultural Memory and the Construction of History

作　　者：颜海英[1] 王怀轩 YAN Haiying;WANG Huaixuan(Department of History,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,北京100871

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期25-40,共16页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：海上民族入侵是青铜时代晚期地中海地区历史发展进程中的重要事件,但现存关于海上民族唯一详细、精确的记载却只有埃及美迪奈特·哈布神庙上的铭文与浮雕,同时期赫梯、乌加里特等地的史料极为零散稀少。其深层原因是,古埃及人对海上民族的历史记忆从来就不是孤立的,而是既承接了其对克里特、迈锡尼等海洋文明的认知,也与埃及的贸易网络和帝国治理实际密切相关,是“地中海全球化”的一个独特面相。与此同时,虽然海上民族所带来的冲击并没有最终摧毁埃及的帝国,但深深撼动了其帝国观念,并使之从“异化”逐渐转向了“内在化”,推动了古埃及人对自身传统的反思与再造。正是在历史背景、时代环境与观念世界的多方作用下,“海上民族”最终成为了一块挥之不去的印记,并作为古埃及文化记忆当中极其关键的一环,深刻影响了古代世界的历史进程。The invasion of the Sea Peoples was an important event in the historical development of the Mediterranean region in the Late Bronze Age.However,the only existing detailed and accurate records of the Sea Peoples are the inscriptions and reliefs in the temple Medinet Habu in Egypt,while historical materials of the same period in Hittite and Ugarit are extremely fragmentary and scarce.The radical reason is that the ancient Egyptians'historical memory of the Sea Peoples was never isolated,but was closely related to Egyptian trade network and imperial governance,which is a unique aspect of“Mediterranean globalization”,taking over their knowledge of the maritime civilizations such as Crete and Mycenae.At the same time,although the impact brought by the Sea Peoples did not ultimately destroy the Egyptian empire,it deeply shook its concept of empire and gradually shifted it from“alienation”to“internalization”,which pushed the ancient Egyptians to reflect on their own traditions and reconstruction.It is in the historical background,the environment of the times and the conceptual world that the“Sea Peoples”eventually became a lingering mark,and as a crucial part of ancient Egyptian cultural memory,which profoundly influenced the historical process of the ancient world.

关 键 词：海上民族 文化记忆 身份认同 历史书写 古埃及文化 

分 类 号：B230[哲学宗教—中国哲学]