白藜麦多糖对2型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的调节作用  

Effects of White Quinoa Polysaccharide on Regulation of Glucolipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

作　　者：臧延青[1,2] 闯营营 王长远 曹阳[1,3] ZANG Yanqing;CHUANG Yingying;WANG Changyuan;CAO Yang(College of Food Science,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China;Department of National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center,Daqing 163000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]国家杂粮工程研究技术中心,黑龙江大庆163000 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第4期385-392,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32171676);黑龙江省研发计划指导项目(GZ20230029);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2022C064)。

摘　　要：为了研究白藜麦多糖(White quinoa polysaccharide,WQP)对糖尿病模型小鼠的降糖降脂作用,将小鼠分成模型组,多糖组(800 mg/kg),空白对照组三组。试验期间测定小鼠体重、空腹血糖(Fasting blood glucose,FBG)和口服糖耐量(Oral glucose tolerance text,OGTT)。连续饲喂四周后解剖,测定小鼠的血清指标、肝脏指标和短链脂肪酸(Short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs),通过16S rRNA测序技术分析小鼠肠道内容物。结果表明,与糖尿病组小鼠相比摄入WQP可以显著抑制糖尿病小鼠的体重和血糖升高,改善糖耐量异常,缓解胰岛素抵抗,同时使糖尿病小鼠的总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)含量下降19%,低密度脂蛋白(Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)含量下降33%。WQP的摄入也使糖尿病小鼠的白介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)分别下降了21%和22%,并且使过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)和谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)含量分别上调了20%和24%,丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量下调了25%。此外摄入WQP后使糖尿病小鼠的短链脂肪酸含量显著(P<0.05)上升。16S rRNA测序结果发现,在门水平上,摄入WQP使糖尿病小鼠肠道中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)上升,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)下降,在属水平上摄入WQP可以提高阿克曼菌属(Akkermansia)的丰度。因此,WQP可通过提高2型糖尿病小鼠的抗氧化能力、调节肠道菌群结构进而发挥降糖降脂作用。To investigate the hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects of white quinoa polysaccharide(WQP)in type 2 diabetic model mice,the mice were divided into model group,polysaccharide group(800 mg/kg)and normal control group.During the experiment,body weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)were measured.After four weeks of continuous feeding,the mice were dissected,and the serum indexes,liver indexes,and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)of the mice were determined.The intestinal contents of the mice were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.Results showed that compared with diabetic mice,WQP intake could significantly inhibit the increase of body weight and FBG,improve OGTT,and alleviate insulin resistance in diabetic mice.At the same time,the total cholesterol(TC)content of diabetic mice decreased by 19%,and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)content decreased by 33%.The intake of WQP also reduced interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)by 21%and 22%,respectively.The contents of catalase(CAT)and glutathione(GSH)were increased by 20%and 24%,respectively.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was decreased by 25%.In addition,the intake of WQP significantly increased the content of SCFAs in diabetic mice(P<0.05).The results of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the intake of WQP led to an increase in the abundance of the Bacteroidota and a decrease in the Firmicutes in the intestines of diabetic mice.At the genus level,the intake of WQP increased the abundance of Akkermansia genus.Therefore,WQP plays a hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering role by improving the antioxidant capacity and regulating the gut microbiota structure of type 2 diabetic mice.

关 键 词：白藜麦多糖 2型糖尿病 降糖降脂 氧化应激 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]