“近者说,远者来”:孔子治理愿景的德政实质与人本关怀  

“When Those Who Are Near Are Made Happy,and Those Who Are Far Off Are Attracted”:Benevolent Rule and Humanistic Care in Confucius’Vision of Governance

作　　者：肖群忠[1] 尹春心 Xiao Qunzhong;Yin Chunxin

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第1期24-31,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国式现代化建设中传承中华文明的内涵和价值研究”(23ZDA017)。

摘　　要：孔子与儒家的德政思想实质是以民为本,关心民生是其重点。学界把“近者说,远者来”仅解释为孔子理想中的国家治理状态,却未能从“近者”“远者”的角度探讨孔子治理愿景的德政实质和人本关怀。结合孔子和儒家后学的思想,我们发现“近者”“远者”的流动不是单纯的移民问题,也不仅仅是治理效果的表现,其内在实质和根据是关心民众生存和利益的德政,对远近民众的民生有根本关切。孔子以人为本的德政思想为理解人口问题、人才问题提供了独特的伦理视角,呈现出更清晰的以人为本的社会治理思想和德政实质。Confucius and Confucianism’s idea of benevolent rule is people-oriented,with a primary focus on people’s livelihood.Academia have interpreted“when those who are near are made happy,and those who are far off are attracted”only as Confucius’ideal state of governance,but they have overlooked the perspective of“those who are near”and“those who are far off”.By examining the comprehensive thoughts of Confucius and the later Confucian scholars,we find that the mobility of the“near ones”and“far ones”is not merely about immigration,nor a manifestation of governance effectiveness.Instead,its intrinsic essence and basis is a benevolent rule that cares for the survival and interests of the people,showing a fundamental concern for the livelihoods and lives of both people near and far off.Confucius’idea of people-oriented benevolent rule provides a unique ethical perspective for understanding issues related to population and talent,presenting a clearer picture of people-oriented social governance and the essence of benevolent rule.

关 键 词：近者 远者 移民 德政 人本主义 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]