电动装载机闭式泵控线控转向系统研究  

Research on Closed-circuit Pump-controlled Steer-by-wire System for Electric Loader

作　　者：陈龙 林添良[1,2] 付胜杰 陈其怀[1,2] 缪骋 林元正 CHEN Long;LIN Tianliang;FU Shengjie;CHEN Qihuai;MIAO Cheng;LIN Yuanzheng(College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Huaqiao University,Xiamen,Fujian 361021;Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Intelligent Drive and Transmission for Mobile Machinery,Xiamen,Fujian 361021)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省移动机械绿色智能驱动与传动重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《液压与气动》2025年第1期30-39,共10页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52375054)。

摘　　要：装载机是工程机械主要机型之一,面对环境压力亟待节能减排升级。当前电动装载机转向系统主要沿用传统阀控系统,存在能耗高、驾驶员劳动强度大等弊端。提出一种电动装载机闭式泵控线控转向系统构型,并利用PID进行位置伺服闭环控制。结果表明,闭式泵控线控转向系统在各工况下的液压系统效率都高于60%,在高速重载转向工况下的液压系统效率最高,为67.3%。即使忽略全液压转向系统在转角极限位置时的高压溢流损失,闭式泵控转向系统相对全液压转向系统在各转向工况下的效率也至少提高了54.3%,且具有较好的转向精度与操控性能,其转角跟踪误差能够控制在2°以内,压力波动维持在1 MPa左右,实现了电动装载机高效线控转向。Wheel loader is one of the main types of construction machinery.In the face of environmental pressure,it is urgent to upgrade energy conservation and emission reduction.At present,the steering system of electric loader mainly adopts the traditional valve control system,which has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high labor intensity of drivers.In this paper,a closed-circuit pump-controlled steer-by-wire system configuration of electric loader is proposed,and PID is used for position servo closed-loop control.The results show that the hydraulic system efficiency of the closed-circuit pump-controlled steer-by-wire system is higher than 60%under all working conditions,and the hydraulic system efficiency is the highest under high-speed and heavy-duty steering conditions,which is 67.3%.Even if the high-pressure overflow loss of the full hydraulic steering system at the corner limit position is not calculated,the efficiency of the closed-circuit pump-controlled steering system is at least 54.3%higher than that of the full hydraulic steering system under each steering condition,and the steer-by-wire system has better steering accuracy and control performance.The angle tracking error can be controlled within 2°,and the pressure fluctuation is maintained at about 1 MPa,which realizes the efficient steer-by-wire steering of the electric loader.

关 键 词：电动装载机 闭式泵控系统 线控转向 PID控制 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]