学前言语障碍听障儿童构音语音能力的影响因素  

Factors Influencing Articulation Ability in Preschool Children with Speech and Hearing Impairment

作　　者：袁存梅 赵娅琪 王朝阳 陈淑娟 YUAN Cunmei;ZHAO Yaqi;WANG Zhaoyang;CHEN Shujuan(Shandong Hearing and Language Rehabilitation Center,Jinan 250109,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省听力语言康复中心,济南250109

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2025年第1期69-73,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

摘　　要：目的探讨影响学前言语障碍听障儿童构音语音能力的相关因素。方法纳入2018年9月至2022年9月山东省听力语言康复中心收治的言语障碍听障儿童39例。用黄昭鸣-韩知娟词表测试言语障碍听障儿童的汉语构音语音能力,将其测试结果与自编问卷7个维度的因素进行分析。结果不同性别、年龄学前言语障碍听障儿童声母清晰度、韵母清晰度、声调清晰度、汉语构音清晰度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同助听效果、听觉年龄、康复训练时间、带养家长文化程度、家庭喂养方式、学前言语障碍听障儿童声母清晰度、韵母清晰度、汉语构音清晰度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同听觉年龄声调清晰度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学前言语障碍听障儿童的助听效果、听觉年龄、训练时间、家长文化程度及家庭喂养方式影响其构音语音能力。积极而有针对性地早干预,可预防和减少构音语音障碍的发生,也为言语障碍更有效地治疗提供参考依据。Objective To report factors affecting the articulation and phonological ability in preschool children with hearing impairment and speech disorders.Methods Speech and hearing-impaired children admitted to Shandong Hearing and Language Rehabilitation Center from September 2018 to September 2022(n=39)were included.Their Chinese phonological ability was assessed using the Huang Zhaoming-Han Zhijuan Word Inventory,and the results were analyzed together with variables from a seven dimensions custom-designed questionnaire.Results The clarity of initial consonants,finals,tones and phonetic structures were impaired among these children similarly across both genders and all ages(P>0.05).However,the clarity showed differences based on hearing aids efficacy,age,rehabilitation training time,parental education level,and home feeding methods(P<0.05).Additionally,tone clarity showed significant differences among children of different hearing ages(P<0.05).Conclusion Efficacy of hearing aids,hearing age,time of rehabilitation training,parents'educational level and family feeding methods can affect the ability to construct speech in preschool hearing-impaired children.Proactive and targeted early intervention can prevent and reduce occurrence of articulation and speech disorders,and provide a basis for more effective treatment of speech disorders.

关 键 词：学前听障儿童 言语障碍 构音语音能力 影响因素 

分 类 号：G612[文化科学—学前教育学] G762[文化科学—教育学] R49[医药卫生—康复医学]