乾坤、阴阳与日新之盛德——《系辞》“生生”观念的三重维度之解读  

Qian Kun,Yin Yang and The De of Keep being New——A Three-Dimension Study on the Idea Sheng-Sheng

作　　者：窦晨光 Dou Chenguang

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学门》2022年第1期224-244,共21页Beida Journal of Philosophy

摘　　要：关于《系辞》“生生”观念,历代学者多有借助“阴阳”观念以诠释之,亦有少数学者认为此可由“乾坤”观念而得阐释。对于完整理解“生生”观念而言,诸诠释进路实可互补。就由“乾坤”诠释“生生”的进路来说,《系辞》中紧承“生生之谓易”即称“成象之谓乾,效法之谓坤”,结合帛书本《系辞》以“生之谓象”代“生生之谓易”之变化,可知《系辞》此语乃是以“生”为“成象”或者说“象”之现示,万象之现示肇始于乾,又因坤之功而成一无间接续之历程,此历程即可谓“生生”,是为“生生”之本质内容。与之互补,由“阴阳”观念出发则可见“生生”历程得以展开之形式,此一形式即一阴一阳、两两相配、相反相成。除此两方面外,《系辞》亦有以“德”配“生”,而以“富有之谓大业,日新之谓盛德”论“生生”,此中“日新之盛德”一说凸显出了“生生”观念背后的道德意识。“乾坤”“阴阳”与“为德”可谓是全面理解《系辞》“生生”观念的三个维度,通过这三个维度的解读,可发现《系辞》“生生”观念乃是以无间接续之成象为内容,以一阴一阳之对反为其展开之形式而以日新又新呈现道德价值。For the idea Sheng-Sheng of Xi Ci,most scholars believed that it could be understood with the help of the idea Yin Yang,and only few thought it could be explained through the idea Qian Kun.Actually,these two approaches could mutually support each other.For the approach of understanding Sheng-Sheng through Qian Kun,the Xi Ci Silk Book brings a new hint,instead of saying“Sheng-Sheng is called Yi”,the Xi Ci Silk Book said:“Sheng is called Xiang”,it shows that there is a direct relation between this proposition and the following one,the intermediate is the idea“Xiang”.In Xi Ci,the idea“Xiang”could be understood as the emerging of images,according to this understanding,the following proposition“the finish of Xiang is called Qian,(its)following is called Kun”could be understood in this way:the emerging of images starts from Qian and because of Kun,it becomes a continuous process.This continuous process is Sheng-Sheng exactly,it is the essence of Sheng-Sheng.For the approach of understanding Sheng-Sheng through Yin Yang,it shows the form of this process.Besides these,in Xi Ci,Sheng is also linked with De,and Sheng-Sheng could also be linked with the proposition“Richness is the great enterprise,keep being new is the great De”,here the term“keep being new”shows the moral meaning of Sheng-Sheng.For the understanding of Sheng-Sheng,Qian Kun,Yin Yang and De are three necessary dimensions,they show us that the content,the form and the moral meaning of this idea.

关 键 词：生生 乾坤 阴阳 象 德 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]