《墨子·经说上》“故”句新解  

A New Interpretation of Mozi Explanations A

作　　者：朱帆 叶峰[2] 张喻响 Zhu Fan;Ye Feng;Zhang Yuxiang

机构地区：[1]河北大学哲学与社会学学院 [2]首都师范大学哲学系 [3]清华大学人文学院哲学系

出　　处：《哲学门》2024年第2期116-130,共15页Beida Journal of Philosophy

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目“人工智能因果理论的哲学研究”(项目编号:HB24ZX002)成果

摘　　要：墨经中“故”有原因的意思。《墨子·经说上》区分了“小故”“大故”两种故,语义上应是指小、大两种原因,但《经说上》所给的含“必”的模态释义似又与之矛盾。本文将《经说上》小、大故含“必”的模态释义理解为某种虚拟条件句,基于比较哲学视野,分析了小、大故的整分论和认识论举例,把《经说上》所体现出的因果哲学视为一种因果语境论。本文由此肯定并补充了高亨、胡朴安的解释。并在此视角下,讨论了墨经中“故”“小故”和“大故”三概念间的关系。Gu in the Mohist Canons means‘causes’.The Mozi Explanation A distinguishes two kinds of gu,xiaogu and dagu.Semantically,they should refer to minor and major causes.However,with the modal claim in Explanations A involving bi,there seems to have a contradiction.This paper interprets the modal claim in Explanations A involving bi on minor causes and major causes with subjective conditionals,based on a comparative philosophical perspective,analyzing the mereological example of minor causes and the epistemological example of major causes,and consider the causal philosophy embodied in Explanations A as a kind of causal contextualism.This paper thus confirms and complements the interpretation of Gao Heng and Hu Pu'an.In this perspective,it discusses the relationship among the three concepts of gu,xiaogu,and dagu in the Mohist Cannons.

关 键 词：墨家逻辑 因果依赖关系 虚拟条件句 因果语境论 

分 类 号：B224[哲学宗教—中国哲学]