试论“兴于《诗》”与孔子诗教的存在论意蕴——从两种论《诗》进路的差异谈起  

On the Ontological Implication of“Xing Yu Shi”and Confucius'Poetic Teaching:From the Differences between the Two Approaches to The Book of Songs

作　　者：黄子洵 Huang Zixun

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院哲学系

出　　处：《哲学门》2024年第2期96-115,共20页Beida Journal of Philosophy

摘　　要：孔子诗教以“兴于《诗》”为其纲领。孔子及其门人对《诗》进行引申触类式的义理诠释,可谓“兴于《诗》”的具体彰显。孔子诗教着眼于“兴”,其意义并非局限在审美体验或道德情感之感发等层面,而是具有存在论层面的关怀。兴于《诗》的过程超越了日常思维对零碎的特殊物的执着,实现了“一”与“体”的通贯。日常经验中看似不相关的孤立片段,经由引申触类的诗教活动可通达至普遍之理,并在普遍之理的层面关联为一,由此,存在之整全得以被理解与把握。兴于《诗》的过程,尊重并贴合受教者具体而当下的存在境况。受教者不是被要求去趋近作为客体的定解,而是以当下的生存境况、生命感悟为基点,在《诗》中开启周流无滞、灵动鲜活的意义空间和思想境界。Confucius'poetic teaching takes“Xing Yu Shi”as its guiding principle.The significance of“Xing”is not limited to the aesthetic experience or the moral emotion,but focuses on the ontological level.That“Xing Yu Shi”implies this process enables us to disintegrate the persistence of common sense thinking on piecemeal special things,and realize that the seemingly irrelevant special fragments in daily experience can reach the universal principle and are connected into one.Everything in the world is not isolated atomic beings,but interdependent with other parts in a complex meaning system.The process of Xing fits the specific and current existing situation of the educated.Based on the current living situation,the disciples could open up the space of meaning in The Book of Songs.

关 键 词：孔子 《诗》 诗教 兴 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]