如何培养文化遗产公共管理高水平专业人才——以法国国家遗产学院为例  

How to Cultivate High-Level Professional Talent in Public Cultural Heritage Management:A Case Study of the National Heritage Institute of France

作　　者：保琳·查桑 王一(译) Pauline Chassaing;Wang Yi(translated)(National Heritage Institute of France,Paris 75020,France;People’s Daily,Beijing 100733,China)

机构地区：[1]法国国家遗产学院,法国巴黎75020 [2]人民日报社,北京100733

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2025年第1期39-46,共8页China Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：法国国家遗产学院的人才培养体系具有独特性,而且非常符合法国文化遗产管理的组织特点。其培养特色回应了当代文化遗产保护所面临的挑战和关切,例如学术与高等教育的结合、职业发展的融入,以及对遗产领域多样性需求和专业人才队伍的系统性考量。本文简要回顾了法国国家遗产学院历史沿革,以及遗产保管员、遗产修复师两个专业的建设发展概况;较为系统地总结了法国国家遗产学院遗产保管员和遗产修复师的教学模式与培养机制,尤其是在人才培养定位、招生选拔、师资力量、产教融合、实习实践以及职业发展路径方面的具体经验做法。法国国家遗产学院以其高质量的教育培养标准和强大的国内外合作网络作为支撑,有效地为学生和专业人士提供具有针对性的培养体系。The talent cultivation system of the National Heritage Institute of France is unique and highly aligned with the organizational characteristics of cultural heritage management in France.Its training features respond to contemporary challenges and concerns,such as the integration of academia and higher education,the incorporation of career development,and systematic consideration of the diversity needs in the heritage field and the professional talent pool.This article briefly reviews the historical evolution of the National Heritage Institute of France,and the development of the two professions:cultural heritage curators and cultural heritage restorers.It systematically summarizes the teaching models and training mechanisms for cultural heritage curators and restorers at the National Heritage Institute of France,particularly focusing on specific experience and practices in areas such as talent cultivation orientation,admission selection,faculty strength,integration of industry and education,internship practices,and career development pathways.Based on the research above,it is evident that the National Heritage Institute of France serves global human cultural heritage and has become a unique institution for education and training in the field of cultural heritage in France,as well as a platform for knowledge dissemination.The key to its success lies in actively promoting communication and exchange between managers and professional technical talents in the field of cultural heritage,which enables students to genuinely engage with the unique aspects of cultural heritage protection and management.It emphasizes practical and application-oriented professional training,supported by high-quality educational standards and a strong network of domestic and international cooperation,effectively providing targeted training systems for students and professionals.

关 键 词：国家遗产学院 遗产保管员 遗产修复师 职业化教学 职业发展路径 

分 类 号：G649.565[文化科学—高等教育学] G156.5[文化科学—教育学] K885.65[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]