非生物胁迫对欧李叶片GABA积累及其生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of abiotic stress on accumulation ofγ-aminobutyric acid and physiological and biochemical characteristics in leaves of Cerasus humilis

作　　者：王冬梅 张婕 殷璐 王鹏飞[1] 穆霄鹏[1] 张建成[1] 张帅 杜俊杰[1] WANG Dongmei;ZHANG Jie;YIN Lu;WANG Pengfei;MU Xiaopeng;ZHANG Jiancheng;ZHANG Shuai;DU Junjie(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2025年第1期50-61,共12页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-062);山西农业大学学术恢复科研专项(2020xshf22,2020xshf23)。

摘　　要：为探究非生物胁迫下欧李(Cerasus humilis)叶片中γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)积累的调控策略及其内在机制,以“晋欧3号”欧李鲜叶为试验材料,采用浸泡、低温以及真空厌氧处理,测定各处理条件下叶片GABA含量、关键酶活性等生理生化指标。结果表明:谷氨酸钠(monosodium glutamate,MSG)、磷酸吡哆醛(pyridoxal phosphate,PLP)、NaCl浸泡处理和真空处理均对欧李叶片中GABA的积累、关键酶活性等生理生化指标有显著影响。MSG处理9 h,欧李叶片中GABA的积累效果最佳,其含量是未经处理(0 h)的2.3倍;真空处理15 h、-20℃处理6 h后,GABA含量分别是未经处理(0 h)的1.99倍、1.97倍;谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamic acid decarboxylase,GAD)、二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)、多胺氧化酶(polyamine oxidase,PAO)活性均显著上升,GABA-T活性则显著降低;Glu、Ca^(2+)、类黄酮、MDA、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量显著上升,SOD、POD活性显著提高。结果表明,非生物胁迫使得欧李叶片渗透调节物质脯氨酸以及抗氧化酶活性增强,Ca2+含量积累,GAD活性增强,催化Glu合成GABA,降低GABA-T活性,减少GABA降解来达到欧李GABA富集的目的。Fresh leaves of Cerasus humilis‘Jinou 3’were used to study the regulatory strategies and underlying mechanisms of the accumulation ofγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in leaves of C.humilis under abiotic stress.Using soaking,low temperature,and vacuum anaerobic treatment,The accumulation of GABA,the activity of the key enzymes for GABA,and the related physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves under the treatments including soaking,low temperature,and vacuum anaerobic method were measured.The results showed that soaking with monosodium glutamate(MSG),pyridoxal phosphate(PLP)and NaCl,and vacuum anaerobic method had significant effects on the accumulation of GABA,the activity of the key enzymes for GABA,and the related physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves of C.humilis.The GABA accumulation effect of soaking with MSG for 9 h on the accumulation of GABA in leaves of C.humilis was the best,with 2.3 times of that of untreated leaves(CK).The content of GABA in leaves of C.humilis after vacuum for 15 h and-20℃for 6 h was 1.99 and 1.97 times higher than that of untreated leaves(CK).The activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD),diamine oxidase(DAO),polyamine oxidase(PAO),SOD and POD,and the content of Glu,Ca^(2+),flavonoids,MDA,proline and soluble protein all significantly increased,while the activity of GABA-T significantly decreased.It is in-dicated that abiotic stress enhances the content of proline as osmotic regulator and the activity of antioxidant enzymes,accumulates the content of Ca^(2+),increases the activity of GAD,catalyzes the synthesis of GA-BA by Glu,reduces the activity of GABA-T,and decreases GABA degradation in leaves of C.humilis to achieve the enrichment of GABA.

关 键 词：欧李 Γ-氨基丁酸 非生物胁迫 代谢途径 积累机制 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]