国家能力研究的学术谱系——秩序主义与繁荣主义传统及其延展  

The Academic Genealogy of State Capacity Studies——The Traditions of Order and Prosperity and its Extension

作　　者：吕普生[1,2] 贾宸 LüPusheng;Jia Chen

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]北京大学国家治理研究院,北京市100871

出　　处：《政治学研究》2024年第6期71-84,M0006,M0007,共16页CASS Journal of Political Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国人权发展道路的理论体系与优化路径研究”(23ZDA067)的研究成果。

摘　　要：国家能力强弱事关公民权利保障、社会安全稳定和经济繁荣发展。如何准确理解国家能力的深层内涵、推动国家能力现代化,是当前国家理论研究和国家治理实践的重要议题。既有研究提供了观察国家能力的多维视角,但未能超越国家能力理论建构中的片面化、离散化局限。本文通过追踪国家能力研究进展,旨在呈现一个涵盖秩序主义和繁荣主义两种研究脉络的国家能力学术谱系。两种研究脉络围绕国家能力的构成要素、塑造国家能力的关键因素以及国家能力的现实影响等国家能力研究的基本问题做出了差异化解释。立足中国语境推进国家能力建设,需要从学理层面超越“离散化”和“事后评估”的国家能力观,发掘塑造国家能力的中观和微观因素;在实践层面准确定位国家能力的发展阶段,揭示国家能力的塑造机制。对国家能力研究谱系的系统梳理,有助于推动国家能力研究走出理论化困境,为我国推动国家治理能力现代化提供理论基石。The strength of state capacity is related to the protection of citizens'rights,social security and stability,and economic prosperity.How to accurately understand the connotation of state capacity and promote the modernization of it are important topics in current national governance practice and state theory research.Existing studies have provided a multidimensional perspective to observe state capacity,but have failed to overcome the limitations of the one-sided,fuzzy,and discrete aspects in the theoretical construction.By tracing the progress of state capacity studies,this paper aims to present an academic genealogy of state capacity covering both order doctrine and prosperity doctrine.The two different research traditions have made different interpretations on the basic issues of state capacity research,such as the constituent elements,the key factors and the real impacts of state capacity,but the current research has limitations of involution and discretization.To promote state capacity building based on the Chinese context,we need to go beyond the“post—evaluation”and discretized view of state capacity from the academic level,and explore the medium and micro—factors that shape state capacity.In practice,we should adhere to the people—oriented principle,accurately locate the development stage of state capacity,and pay attention to the institutional factors that shape it.The academic genealogy of state capacity is helpful to push the research of state capacity out of the theoretical dilemma and provide the theoretical foundation for promoting the modernization of state capacity in the new era.

关 键 词：国家能力 秩序主义 繁荣主义 中国经验 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]