从保护生物地理学看长江的生物多样性保护  

ON THE RESCUE OF BIODIVERSITY IN THE YANGTZE RIVER FROM AN APPOINT VIEW OF CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY

作　　者：陈隽[1] 王海军 张亮[2] 谢平[1] CHEN Jun;WANG Hai-Jun;ZHANG Liang;XIE Ping(Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems,CERN,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所东湖湖泊生态系统试验站,武汉430072 [2]云南大学高原湖泊生态与治理研究院,昆明650500

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第1期53-60,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)项目“长江水系生物多样性丧失与生态修复策略”(XDB31000000)资助。

摘　　要：20世纪50年代以来,高强度的人类活动如开垦、水利工程(防洪、灌溉、发电等)等导致长江生物地理单元的严重破碎化,大大改变了其格局和过程,再叠加上过度捕捞等,很多物种的生存受到了严重威胁,一些旗舰物种(如淡水豚类、鲟等)濒临灭绝甚至灭绝。文章试图从保护生物地理学的视角探讨长江濒危物种的拯救问题,论述长江生物地理单元的起源与演化,分析迄今为止对濒危物种拯救的努力及其困境,探索如何在保护生物地理学新范式的指引下,对长江生物地理单元的完整性进行修复及再自然化,最终实现人与自然的和谐共存。Since the 1950s,intensive human activities such as reclamation and dam construction(for flood control,irrigation,and hydropower etc.)have caused serious fragmentation of the Yangtze biogeographic unit,greatly altering its pattern and processes,and accelerated by overfishing,many species especially the flagship dolphin and sturgeons have been seriously threatened and even extinct.This review aims to discuss the rescue of endangered species in the Yangtze River from an appoint view of conservation biogeography.It gives an introduction to the origin and evolution of the Yangtze biogeographic unit,describes government conservation initiatives,and discusses the challenges in protecting the endangered species.It is needed to explore how to repair the integrity of the Yangtze biogeographic unit or how to re-naturalize it based on the new paradigm of conservation biogeography,so as to being capable of rescuing endangered species,ultimately achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

关 键 词：保护生物地理学新范式 长江生物地理单元 破碎化 十年禁渔 再自然化 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]