叶面喷施硒肥对烟叶硒含量及香气物质的影响  

Effects of foliar spraying with selenium fertilizer on selenium content and aroma substances in flue-cured tobacco leaves

作　　者：姜宛慧 钟国兴 杨欣[2] 杨振 梁耀星[2] 张少搏 杨启航 郭维 李淮源 邓世媛[1] JIANG Wanhui;ZHONG Guoxing;YANG Xin;YANG Zhen;LIANG Yaoxing;ZHANG Shaobo;YANG Qihang;GUO Wei;LI Huaiyuan;DENG Shiyuan(Tobacco Research Laboratory,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;Hengyang Branch of Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company,Hengyang 421000,Hunan,China;Basic Experimental and Practical Training Center,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学烟草研究室,广州市510642 [2]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州市510610 [3]湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司,湖南省衡阳市421000 [4]华南农业大学基础实验与实践训练中心,广州市510642

出　　处：《烟草科技》2025年第1期34-44,60,共12页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司科技项目“基于双喜品牌需求的衡阳高端烟叶质量提升技术研究与示范”(2021430422200010);广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“基于增油增香降碱的衡南烟叶质量优化调控技术研究与示范”(2024440000340017)。

摘　　要：为明确微量元素硒对提高烤烟烟叶香气的作用,设置硒肥用量[0 g·hm^(-2)(CK)、5.25 g·hm^(-2)(S0)、10.50 g·hm^(-2)(S1)、15.75 g·hm^(-2)(S2)、21.00 g·hm^(-2)(S3)和26.25 g·hm^(-2)(S4)]叶面喷施试验,研究不同用量硒肥对烤后烟叶硒含量、石油醚提取物及挥发性香气物质的影响。结果表明:①对照烟叶中硒含量仅为0.15 mg·kg^(-1)左右,施用硒肥可显著提高烟叶硒含量,最高达2.49 mg·kg^(-1)。②石油醚提取物含量随硒肥用量的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,S3处理烟叶石油醚提取物含量达到最高,烤烟上部叶和中部叶石油醚提取物含量分别比CK增加25.71%和44.56%。③施用硒肥后烟叶香气物质总量显著增加,上部叶以S1处理最高,中部叶以S2处理最高,分别比CK提高25.88%和10.82%。④利用PLS-DA形成的VIP值对不同部位烟叶中的差异标志物进行筛选,并结合聚类分析在烤烟上部叶和中部叶中共发现15种共有差异标志物;KEGG代谢通路富集分析表明,硒主要是通过参与调控萜类物质合成和苯丙烷代谢来提高烟叶香气。⑤相关性分析结果显示,烟叶硒含量与石油醚提取物含量及苯丙氨酸降解产物均呈显著正相关。To investigate the effects of trace element selenium on aroma enhancement of tobacco leaves,foliar spraying experiments with selenium fertilizers at different concentrations,0(CK),5.25 g·ha^(-1)(S0),10.50 g·ha^(-1)(S1),15.75 g·ha^(-1)(S2),21.00 g·ha^(-1)(S3)and 26.25 g·ha^(-1)(S4),and the effects of selenium fertilizers on selenium content(mass fraction),petroleum ether extracts and volatile aroma substances in cured leaves were studied.The results showed that:1)Selenium content in tobacco leaves of the control treatment was only about 0.15 mg·kg^(-1),and the selenium content was significantly increased by the selenium fertilizer with the highest content at about 2.49 mg·kg^(-1).2)With increasing selenium fertilizer concentration,the petroleum ether extract content first increased and then decreased,reaching the highest level in leaves of S3 treatment.The petroleum ether extract content in the upper and middle leaves of S3 treatment increased by 25.71%and 44.56%,respectively compared to that of the control.3)After the application of the selenium fertilizer,the total amount of aroma substances in tobacco leaves increased significantly,with S1 treatment being the highest for upper leaves and S2 being the highest for middle leaves,which increased by 25.88%and 10.82%,respectively compared to that of the control.4)The VIP value obtained by PLS-DA was used to screen for differential markers of aroma substances in tobacco leaves from different stalk positions.Combined with cluster analysis,15 common aroma differential markers were found in the upper and middle leaves.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that selenium was involved in the regulation of terpenoid synthesis and phenylpropanoid metabolism to enhance the tobacco aroma substances.5)Correlation analysis results showed that selenium content in tobacco leaves was significantly positively correlated with petroleum ether extract and phenylalanine degradation products.

关 键 词：烤烟 硒肥 硒含量 石油醚提取物 香气物质 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]