高校创业教育对大学生返乡入乡创业意愿的影响机制——基于有调节的中介效应检验  

Impact Mechanism of Entrepreneurship Education in Universities on College Students'Willingness to Return to Start Businesses in Rural Areas:Based on Moderated Mediation Test

作　　者：吴叶林[1] 徐涵 WU Yelin;XU Han(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期131-143,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“地方高校创业教育促进区域乡村振兴的机理与路径优化研究”(19YJC880096),项目负责人:吴叶林。

摘　　要：大学生返乡入乡创业是落实乡村振兴战略的重要举措,“意愿”是大学生“下得去、留得住”的前提,创业教育是激活大学生返乡入乡创业意愿、形塑返乡入乡创业能力的可行路径。采用高校创业教育量表、乡村依恋量表、返乡入乡创业意愿量表对5个省市907名大学生开展问卷调查,结果表明:大学生返乡入乡创业意愿处于中等水平,农村大学生返乡创业意愿更高;高校创业教育既可直接影响大学生返乡入乡创业意愿,也可通过乡村依恋的中介作用间接影响;生源地能调节高校创业教育对大学生返乡入乡创业意愿的直接预测作用及乡村依恋的中介作用。为提升大学生返乡入乡创业意愿,要强化乡村振兴战略引领,突出数字赋能、实践融合等,优化高校乡村创业人才培养模式;完善乡土情怀嵌入机制,为乡村依恋提供思想前提;突破传统择业观约束,重塑新时代返乡入乡符号内涵;优化乡村创业环境,增强乡村创业吸引力。College students returning to and starting businesses in rural areas is a strategic initiative for China's rural revitalization while“willingness”is a prerequisite for college students to be able to go back and stay.Entrepreneurship education in universities is a feasible path to activate college students'willingness to return to and start businesses in rural areas,as well as to shape their capabilities for such endeavors.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 907 college students from five provinces using the Entrepreneurship Education Scale,Rural Attachment Scale,and the Willingness to Return-to-and-Start-Businesses-in-Rural-Areas Scale.The results showed that the willingness of college students to return to and start businesses in rural areas is at a moderate level.But the willingness of rural college students was higher.Entrepreneurship education can directly influence college students'willingness to return to and start businesses in rural areas,and indirectly through the mediating effect of rural attachment.The place of origin can regulate the direct predictive effect of entrepreneurship education on college students'willingness to return to and start businesses in rural areas,as well as the mediating effect of rural attachment.To enhance the willingness of college students to return to and start businesses in rural areas,it is necessary to strengthen the strategic guidance of rural revitalization,highlight digital empowerment and practical integration,and optimize the training model for rural entrepreneurial talents.The embedding mechanism of rural sentiment needs to be improved to provide a mental prerequisite for rural attachment.Efforts are also needed to break through the constraints of traditional career choices and reshape the symbolic meaning of returning to and starting businesses in rural areas in the new era.Additionally,strategies should aim to optimize the rural entrepreneurial environment and increase the appeal of rural entrepreneurship.

关 键 词：高校创业教育 返乡入乡创业 创业意愿 乡村依恋 生源地 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]