义务教育阶段学生作业减负政策的实施效果与实践优化  

Implementation Effect and Practice Optimization of Students'Homework Burden Reduction Policy in Compulsory Education

作　　者：唐晓玲[1] 梅涵 唐诗玲雅 阮靓靓 TANG Xiaoling;MEI Han;TANG Shilingya;RUAN Jingjing(School of International Education,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100091,China;Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学国际教育学院,重庆400031 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100091 [3]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期240-251,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划国家一般课题“大数据背景下高等教育监测评估的社会风险与治理策略研究”(BIA220083),项目负责人:唐晓玲。

摘　　要：减轻义务教育阶段学生过重作业负担,是深化教育领域综合改革的重要任务。调查义务教育阶段学生作业减负政策的实施效果,可以为优化作业管理提供研究基础。基于构建的四层级作业负担模型,以重庆市小学和初中学校的校长、教师、学生和家长为调研对象展开实证研究后发现,“双减”政策实施以来,学生课外作业量得到全面压减,作业难度适配学生现有能力,教师的作业设计、教学设计能力有所提升,学生的作业情绪反馈正向,减负效果显著。但与此同时,依然存在教师作业设计难度陡增、传统作业观念影响依旧、学生作业闲暇期自主管理缺乏、家长作业管理缺失、家校社各方对作业减负存在认识冲突等问题。深入推进学生作业减负,可从优化作业设计、更新作业观念、强化作业管理、统筹资源配置等方面提升作业负担治理实效。Reducing the heavy homework burden of students in compulsory education is an important task to deepen the comprehensive reform in the field of education.To investigate the implementation effect of the homework burden reduction policy for students in the compulsory education stage can provide a research basis for optimizing homework management.Based on the constructed four-level homework burden model,an empirical study was carried out with headmasters,teachers,students and parents of primary and junior high schools in Chongqing as the objects of questionnaires and interviews.It was found that since the implementation of the“double reduction”policy,the amount of students'extracurricular homework has been comprehensively reduced,and the difficulty of homework is suitable for students'existing ability.As a result,teachers'homework design and instructional design ability have been improved,and students'homework emotional feedback is positive.The effect of reducing the burden is remarkable.However,at the same time,there are still problems such as a sharp increase in the difficulty of teacher homework design,the influence of traditional homework concept,the lack of self-management in students'homework leisure period,the lack of parental homework management,and the cognitive conflict between family,school and community on homework reduction.Further promoting the reduction of students'homework burden can improve the effectiveness of homework burden management from the aspects of optimizing homework design,updating homework concepts,strengthening homework management,and coordinating resource allocation.

关 键 词：义务教育 “双减”政策 作业负担 作业设计 作业管理 

分 类 号：G522.3[文化科学—教育学]