皖西地区3300名临床护士工作环境感知对职业倦怠影响的调查研究  

A survey on the influence of work environment perception on job burnout among3 300 clinical nurses in western Anhui Province

作　　者：张瑛 施学芝 童雪银 王正云 吴姚 ZHANG Ying;SHI Xuezhi;TONG Xueyin;WANG Zhengyun;WU Yao(Department of Nursing,Lu'an People's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University,Lu'an,Anhui 237005,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学附属六安医院护理部,安徽六安237005 [2]安徽医科大学附属六安医院肿瘤科 [3]安徽医科大学附属六安医院急诊科

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2025年第2期348-352,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：安徽省教育厅重大课题(2022AH040095)。

摘　　要：目的 了解皖西地区二级及三级公立医院临床护士工作环境感知与职业倦怠现状,探讨工作环境对护士职业倦怠的影响,为改善执业环境状况、降低护士的职业倦怠提供参考依据。方法 2023年8—9月,采用一般资料调查表、中文版护士工作环境感知量表、中文版Maslach职业倦怠量表对皖西地区18所二级医院及8所三级医院的3 300名临床护士进行问卷调查,并将测评得分进行相关性分析和分层回归分析。结果 护士感知工作环境条目均分为(2.97±0.63)分,职业倦怠条目均分为(3.23±0.33)分。分层回归分析结果显示,不同性别(t=2.182,P=0.029)、特殊科室(t=2.073,P=0.038)、收入满意度(t=-2.164,P=0.030)、是否为专科护士(t=-2.163,P=0.031)、护士感知工作环境中的人力物力(t=-4.508,P<0.001)、护理管理(t=-4.917,P<0.001)、专业实践(t=-6.355,P<0.001)7个维度是护士职业倦怠的影响因素。结论 皖西地区护士职业倦怠总发生率为66.55%,护士感知执业环境对职业倦怠感有显著影响,管理者应立足于医院护理服务质量与组织管理,提升护士执业环境满意度,减轻护士职业倦怠水平,稳定护士队伍发展。Objective To understand the current situation of working environment perception and job burnout of clinical nurses in secondary and tertiary public hospitals in western Anhui,and to explore the influence of nurses'perceived working environment on job burnout,so as to provide reference for improving nurse practice environment and reducing job burnout.Methods From August 2023 to September 2023,3300 clinical nurses from 18 secondary and 8 tertiary hospitals in western Anhui were investigated by using the general data questionnaire,the Chinese version of nurses'working environment perception scale,and the Chinese version of Maslach burnout scale,and the scores were analyzed by correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis.Results The entries on nurses'perception of working environment scored(2.97±0.63)points,and the entries on job burnout scored(3.23±0.33)points.The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that different gender(t=2.182,P=0.029),departments(t=2.073,P=0.038),income satisfaction(t=-2.164,P=0.030),whether nurses are specialists(t=-2.163,P=0.031),nurses'perception of human and material resources in the work environment(t=-4.508,P<0.001),nursing management(t=-4.917,P<0.001),and professional practice(t=-6.355,P<0.001)were the influence factors of nurses'burnout.Conclusion The total incidence of nurse burnout in western Anhui was 66.55%,and nurses'perceived practice environment had a significant impact on the sense of burnout.Managers should base on the quality of hospital nursing service and organization management,improve nurses'satisfaction with the practice environment,reduce the level of nurse burnout,and stabilize the development of nurse team.

关 键 词：护士 工作环境感知 职业倦怠 工作满意度 护理管理 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]