纯电动汽车互通立交合流区驾驶行为的安全评价  

Safety Evaluation of Driving Behavior of Battery Electric Vehicles in Interchange Merging Area

作　　者：郭云尧 姚启明 彭浩荣 GUO Yunyao;YAO Qiming;PENG Haorong(The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Tongji Architectural Design(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Research Center for Smart Mobility and Road Safety,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]同济大学建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司,上海200092 [3]上海智慧交通安全驾驶工程技术研究中心,上海200092

出　　处：《交通与运输》2025年第1期61-65,共5页Traffic & Transportation

基　　金：上海市科技计划项目(20DZ2252100)。

摘　　要：为研究纯电动汽车驾驶人在互通立交合流区驾驶行为的安全性,开展了考虑车辆交互行为模式的驾驶模拟实验。实验招募了40名驾驶人(包括新手驾驶人和熟练驾驶人),通过六自由度驾驶模拟器采集车辆运行数据和驾驶操作数据;基于SBM-DEA模型,采用纵向加速度、横向加速度、偏航角变化率和方向盘转角变化率作为投入指标,行驶速度、距碰撞时间、严重冲突暴露时间作为产出指标,对驾驶行为进行量化评估。结果表明:超过85%的决策单元在DEA模型稳定性验证中排名处于稳定范围内,证明模型具有较强的稳定性;驾驶水平较高的驾驶人在安全性得分上表现出更优的稳定性和一致性;与非预期场景相比,新手驾驶人在预期场景下安全性得分更高。To investigate the safety of driving behavior among drivers of pure electric vehicles in the merging areas of interchange ramps,this study conducted a driving simulation experiment considering vehicle interaction patterns.A total of 40 drivers,including novice drivers and experienced drivers,were recruited for the experiment.Driving operation data and vehicle operation data were collected using a six-degree-of-freedom driving simulator.The SBM-DEA model was applied to quantitatively assess driving behavior.Longitudinal acceleration,lateral acceleration,yaw rate,and steering wheel angle variation were used as input indicators,while driving speed,time to collision,and severe conflict exposure time were considered as output indicators.The results indicated that:over 85%of the decision making units ranked within a stable range in the stability verification of the DEA model,demonstrating good model stability;drivers with higher driving skills exhibited greater stability and consistency in safety scores;compered with the critical scenarios,novice drivers achieved the higher safety scores in the uncritical scenarios.

关 键 词：交通工程 安全评价 驾驶模拟 驾驶行为 纯电动汽车 互通立交合流区 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]