高速列车铜基粉末冶金闸片材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Cu-based Powder Metallurgy Brake Pads for High-Speed Trains

作　　者：周佩禹 姚萍屏[1] 徐宇轩 周海滨 王兴 邓敏文[1] 康丽 陈琦 林永强 袁仔豪 ZHOU Peiyu;YAO Pingping;XU Yuxuan;ZHOU Haibin;WANG Xing;DENG Minwen;KANG Li;CHEN Qi;LIN Yongqiang;YUAN Zihao(State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第1期182-192,共11页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175209,52205243);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ057)。

摘　　要：高速列车紧急制动时,外部对制动闸片施加压力使其与高速运转的制动盘直接接触产生摩擦力,摩擦过程消耗动能从而达到减速与制动的目的。闸片材料在制动过程发生损耗,其性能是影响高速列车制动性能的关键因素之一。铜基粉末冶金制动闸片综合性能好,是目前应用最广泛的商用高速列车闸片材料,具有满足更高时速高速列车制动需求的潜力,从组元设计、制备工艺、服役性能3个方面综述了铜基粉末冶金制动闸片研究进展,阐述了常见组元对材料宏观性能与组织的影响;介绍了铜基粉末冶金制备工艺流程与重要工艺;探讨了极端服役条件下闸片材料制动性能的评价体系与变化规律;展望了更高速度级铜基粉末冶金制动闸片的理论设计与应用方向。深入研究组元之间协调匹配性,优化工艺流程,降低材料测试成本,是未来获取新型强韧化铜基粉末冶金闸片材料的重要研究方向。The braking process of a high-speed train involves the contact between the brake pad and the high-speed running brake disc,which generates friction and consumes kinetic energy for deceleration and braking.The performance of the brake pad material is crucial in determining the braking performance of high-speed trains.Currently,Cu-based powder metallurgy brake pads are widely used in commercial high-speed train brake systems and show potential in meeting the braking requirements at higher speeds.The research progress in Cu-based powder metallurgy brake pads was reviewed,focusing on component design,preparation technology,and service performance.The impact of different components on the material's macroscopic properties and microstructure was discussed,the preparation process and key technologies involved was presented,and the evaluation system and changes in brake pad material performance under extreme service conditions were examined.Theoretical design and possible applications for higher speed Cu-based powder metallurgy brake pads were suggested,which can serve as a valuable reference for the development of brake pad materials under challenging working conditions and the assurance of operational safety for high-speed trains operating at higher speeds.Furthermore,studying the coordinated matching between component elements,optimizing the process flow,and reducing the cost of material testing are important research directions for obtaining novel high-strength and toughened copper-based powder metallurgy brake pad materials in the future.

关 键 词：高速列车 铜基粉末冶金材料 闸片 制备工艺 制动性能 

分 类 号：TB36[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TF125[冶金工程—粉末冶金]