本科护理实习生人文关怀能力的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究  

Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of humanistic care competence in undergraduate nursing interns

作　　者：刘丽平[1] 孙育红 张文馨 Liu Liping;Sun Yuhong;Zhang Wenxin(Department of Nursing,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院护理部,北京100029

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2025年第4期436-440,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：北京中医药大学2022年度教育科学研究课题(XJY22118)。

摘　　要：目的探讨本科护理实习生人文关怀能力水平的潜在类别并分析影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,于2023年3—5月选取在北京中日友好医院进行临床实习的217名本科护生为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、人文关怀能力量表、护生伦理敏感性量表、医疗教育微学习环境评价量表和职业自我效能问卷对实习护生进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析对实习护生的人文关怀能力进行分类,并采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析探讨实习护生人文关怀能力不同类别的影响因素。结果共发放问卷217份,回收有效问卷217份,问卷有效回收率为100.00%(217/217)。217名护生人文关怀能力量表得分为(200.16±22.49)分,其中理解维度得分为(80.60±8.42)分、勇气维度得分为(61.24±11.28)分、耐心维度得分为(58.31±5.72)分;实习护生人文关怀能力可分为3个潜在类别:"人文关怀能力风险组""人文关怀能力潜力组""人文关怀能力优势组"。回归分析结果显示,职业自我效能、学习环境和伦理敏感性是实习护生人文关怀能力不同类别的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论实习护生人文关怀能力特征存在差异性,受到职业自我效能、学习环境、伦理敏感性等因素的影响。教育者和管理者可以根据影响因素对护生进行个性化培养,以期内化护生的人文关怀素养,提高人文关怀能力水平。Objective To explore the latent profiles of humanistic care competence among undergraduate nursing interns during clinical placements and analyze the influencing factors.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Totally 217 undergraduate nursing interns undergoing clinical practice at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from March to May 2023 were recruited by convenience sampling.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Caring Ability Inventory(CAI),the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students(ESQ-NS),the Healthcare Education Micro Learning Environment Measure(HEMLEM),and the Professional Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.Latent profile analysis was used to classify the nursing interns based on their humanistic care competence,and disordered multinomial Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing different latent categories.Results A total of 217 questionnaires were distributed and all were returned with a 100.00%valid response rate(217/217).The total score for CAI was(200.16±22.49).The scores for the dimensions were as follows:understanding(80.60±8.42),courage(61.24±11.28),and patience(58.31±5.72).The nursing interns'humanistic care competence was categorized into three latent profiles:"at-risk group""potential group"and"advantage group".Logistic regression analysis revealed that professional self-efficacy,learning environment,and ethical sensitivity were significant factors influencing these latent profiles(P<0.05).Conclusions There are differences in the humanistic care competence of nursing interns,which are influenced by factors such as professional self-efficacy,learning environment and ethical sensitivity.Educators and managers should tailor training based on these influencing factors to enable nursing interns to internalize humanistic care values and enhance their humanistic care competence.

关 键 词：学生 护理 人文关怀能力 实习 潜在剖面分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：G645.5[文化科学—高等教育学] R47-4[文化科学—教育学]